Course Number

EP2101

Course Credit

3-1-0-4

Course Title

Quantum Physics

Learning Mode

Lectures, Tutorials and Assignments

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

Fundamental structure of the subject is explicated through theorems, postulates and models. Several well-known discoveries in quantum mechanics are detailed. It also includes a variety of applications to various physical systems (both 1D and 3D) which are not adequately explained by classical theory. Some modern relevant applications are mentioned too.

Course Content

Emphasis on both early and modern experiments (Black body radiation, photoelectric effect, Compton effect, Stern-Gerlach, Frank-Hertz, Davisson-Germer, Wave-packet propagation, Quantum Hall effect, Dirac-Kapitza effect, Raman-Nath scattering, etc.).

Postulates of quantum mechanics, Observables, uncertainty principle, Schrödinger Equation, stationary states, orthonormality, expectation values, application to 1-D problems: Free particle, Particle in a box and finite square well, Quantum tunneling and applications, Harmonic oscillator, Delta-Function Potential, orbital and spin angular momentum, Hydrogen atom, electrons in 1D periodic lattice and origin of bands.

Engineering applications: devices based on quantum principles such as tunnel diode, single electron transistor, MRI and NMR, SEM, TEM and SPM.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1a, 1b, 2a and 3a

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Seminar, Mid-semester examination, End-semester examination

Textbooks:

1. A. Beiser, Concepts of Modern Physics, Tata McGraw Hill, 2020

2. Eisberg and Resnick

3. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics (2nd edn) by D. J. Griffiths, Prentice Hall (2004).

Reference books:

1. Quantum Mechanics, Powell and Craseman

2. Mastering quantum mechanics, Barton Zwiebach, MIT Press, 2022

Course Number

EP2102

Course Credit

3-0-3-4.5

Course Title

Optics & Lasers

Learning Mode

Lectures and Assignments

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This course deals with fundamentals in Optics and Lasers. Students will learn about principles of LASERs, different types of Lasers, applications of Lasers in different engineering domains besides developing strong fundamentals in Optics

Course Content

Review of basic optics: Polarization, Reflection and refraction of plane waves. Diffraction: diffraction by circular aperture, Gaussian beams.

Interference: two beam interference-Mach-Zehnder interferometer and multiple beam interference-Fabry-Perot interferometer. Monochromatic aberrations. Fourier optics, Holography. The Einstein coefficients, Spontaneous and stimulated emission, Optical amplification and population inversion. Laser rate equations, three level and four level systems; Optical Resonators: resonator stability; modes of a spherical mirror resonator, mode selection; Q-switching and mode locking in lasers. Properties of laser radiation and some laser systems: Ruby, He-Ne, CO2, Semiconductor lasers. Some important applications of lasers, Fiber optics communication, Lasers in Industry, Lasers in medicine, Lidar.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1a, 1b, 2a and 3a

Assessment Method

Quiz, Assignments and Exams

Textbooks:

1. R. S. Longhurst, Geometrical and Physical Optics, 3rd ed., Orient Longman, 1986.

2. E. Hecht, Optics, 4th ed., Pearson Education, 2004.

3. M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics, 7th ed., Cambridge University Press, 1999.

4. William T. Silfvast, Laser Fundamentals, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, 2004.

5. K. Thyagarajan and A. K. Ghatak, Lasers: Theory and Applications, Macmillan, 2008.

Course Number

EP2103

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-1-0-4

Course Title

Classical dynamics: discrete and continuum systems

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2a and 3

Course Description

Formulate mechanics problem with Lagrangian, Hamiltonian, Calculus and Jacobi methods. Solve central force motion, rigid body dynamics, relativistic problems with learned expertise.**TO BE CHANGED

Course Content

Constraints, D’ Alembert’s Principle and Lagrange’s Equation, Hamilton’s Principle, The Hamilton Equation of Motion, Symmetry and Conservation

Review of two body central force problem, Noether’s Theorem, Conserved quantities including Laplace-Runge-Lenz Vector, Scattering in a Central Force field, Scattering cross-section, Rutherford scattering.

Introduction to continuum mechanics:

1. Basics of tensor algebra.

2. Fluid mechanics: Euler equations, potential flow, incompressible fluids, momentum and energy fluxes, circulations, internal waves, gravity waves, viscous fluids, Navier-Stokes equation, laminar flows, stream and string lines, rotating fluids, oscillatory motion in fluids, laminar boundary layers.

3. Elasticity – Concept of stress and strain, Linear elastic materials, Hooke’s law, boundary value problems in 2D, Flexure of elastic beams, introduction to thermo-elasticity and photo-elasticity.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1, 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Presentation, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Textbooks:

1. Classical Mechanics - J. R. Taylor, University Science Books, 2005.

2. Classical Dynamics, D. T. Greenwood, Dover, 1997

3. Fluid Mechanics, P. K. Kundu, I. M. Cohen and R. David

4. Elasticity: Theory, Applications and Numerics, M. H. Saad

References:

1. Classical Mechanics, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Course on Theoretical Physics, Vol.1, 3rd Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann.

2. Classical Mechanics - H. Goldstein, C. P. Poole and J. Safko; Pearson Education (2011).

3. Theory of Elasticity, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz

4. Fluid Mechanics, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz

5. Classical Mechanics, N.C. Rana and P. S. Joag, McGraw Hill Education Pvt Ltd. (2001).

6. Introduction to Dynamics, I. Percival and D. Richards, Cambridge University Press, 1983.

7. Special Relativity - A.P. French; CRC Press(2017).

8. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Machines, S. K. Som, G. Biswas, S. Chakraborty, McGraw Hill, 2017

9. Vijay Gupta and Santosh Gupta, Fluid Mechanics and its Applications, New Age, 2015

Course Number

EP2104

Course Credit

3-1-0-4

Course Title

Thermal physics with engineering applications

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with 1 and 2

Course Description

This course provides student’s fundamentals of Thermal Physics towards Engineering applications. This course deals with many engineering applications like heat engines, Refrigeration systems, Thermal Power plant, Gas Turbines, Phase transitions etc.

Course Content

Kinetic Theory of Gases, Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, effusion, collision, equation of state, ideal gas, Equipartition of energy, real gas; Thermal Diffusion Equation;

Laws of Thermodynamics, Temperature, Internal Energy, specific heat, Entropy; Carnot engine, Various thermodynamic cycles; Thermodynamic potentials, Path and State Functions, Gibb’s-Duhem relations, Maxwell Relations;

Clausius-Clapeyron Equation; Chemical Potential, Chemical Equilibrium, Phase Diagram, Gibb’s Phase Rule, Phase Transitions, Stable and Metastable States, Phase Co-existence, Maxwell’s Construction; Various modes of heat transfer; Saha-Ionization; Speed of Sound in Fluids, Shock Waves, Rankine-Hugoniot Conditions.

Engineering applications -Heat Engines, Joule-Thompson effect and applications to cryogenics, Refrigerators, Heating-Ventilation and Air-conditioning (HVAC), Exergy analysis of engineering systems, Information Theory.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3(a)

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Course Number

EP2201

Course Credit

2-1-0-3

Course Title

Introduction to Nuclear and Particle Physics

Learning Mode

Class lectures, tutorials, assignments, discussions.

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This is an introductory course of Nuclear and Particle Physics. The course covers tools (accelerators, detectors), nuclear properties, nuclear forces, nuclear models, radioactive decay and nuclear reactions. Fundamentals of particle interactions and forces, symmetries and conservation laws will be discussed. Topics will be taught with key experiments.

Course Outline

Nuclear properties: mass, radius, spin, parity, binding energy; Nuclear models: liquid drop model, semi-empirical mass formula, nuclear shell model - validity and limitations, magic numbers; Nature of the nuclear force: form of nucleon-nucleon potential, charge-independence and charge-symmetry of nuclear forces; Radioactive decay: radioactive decay law, elementary ideas of alpha, beta and gamma decays and their selection rules; Nuclear reactions: reaction mechanism, Fission and fusion, compound nuclei and direct reactions.

Particle Phenomenology: Fundamental interactions; Elementary particles and their quantum numbers; Gellmann-Nishijima formula, Quark model, baryons and mesons; C, P, and T invariance, Conservation laws and particle reactions.

Introduction to nuclear detector technology and particle accelerators.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination.

Text Books:

1. D. Griffiths, Introduction to Elementary Particles, Wiley (2008)

2. Kenneth S. Krane, Introductory Nuclear Physics, Wiley (2008)

3. A. Das, T. Ferbel, Introduction to Nuclear and Particle Physics, World Scientific (2003)

4. S.N. Ghoshal, Nuclear Physics, S Chand (1994)

Reference Books:

1. Martin B. and Shaw G. P., Particle Physics, Wiley.

2. Detectors for Particle Radiation, Konrad Kleinknecht, Cambridge.

3. Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments: A How-To Approach, William R. Leo, Springer.

4. Roy R. and Nigam B. P., Nuclear Physics: Theory and Experiment, New Age.

5. J. Lilley, Nuclear Physics, Wiley (2006)

6. Hughes I. S., Elementary Particles, Cambridge.

7. D. H. Perkins, Introduction to High Energy Physics, 4th edition, Cambridge (2000).

8. Halzen F. and Martin Alan D., Quarks and Leptons, Wiley India edition.

9. Mittal V. K., Verma R. C., Gupta S.C., Introduction To Nuclear And Particle Physics, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.

Course Number

EP2202

Course Credit

3-1-0-4

Course Title

Mathematical Methods for Engineers

Learning Mode

Class lectures, tutorials, assignments, discussions.

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This course will train students in mathematical methods required for various engineering applications.

Course Outline

Vector Space: Gram-Schmidt Orthonormalization, Self-adjoint operators, completeness of Eigen functions, Complex analysis: - Basic review, Cauchy’s integral theorem, Classification of singularities, Residue theorem. Contour integration and examples. Analytic continuation. Multiple-valued functions, branch points and branch cut integration. Conformal mapping, Physical Applications (fluid flow, electrostatics, heat flow etc.), Polynomials and Special Functions: Legendre, Hermite, Laguerre, Chebyshev, Jacobi, Bessel, Neumann, Hankel; Green’s function: 1,2,3 dimensional problems (Laplace, wave, heat equations etc.), Integral Transforms, Basic Introduction to Tensors and engineering applications.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination.

Text Books:

1. G. B. Arfken and H. J. Weber, Mathematical methods for physicists, Elsevier; 7th Ed, 2012.

2. J. Brown and R. Churchill, Complex Variables and Applications, McGraw Hill Education, 8th Ed, 2017.

3. V. Balakrishnan, Mathematical Physics with Applications, Problems and Solutions, Ane Books, 1st Ed, 2017.

Reference books:

1. L. A. Pipes and L. R. Harvill, Applied Mathematics for Engineers and Physicists, Dover Publications Inc., 3rd rev. Ed, 2014.

2. I. S. Gradshteyn and I. M. Ryzhik, Tables of Integrals, Series and Products, Edited by A. Jeffrey and D.Zwillinger, Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier 7th Ed, 2007.

3. Abramowitz and Stegun, Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables, United States Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NBS), 1964.

4. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley India 10th Ed, 2011.

5. M. L. Boas, Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences, Wiley, 3rd Ed, 2005.

6. Charlie and Harper, Introduction to Mathematical Physics, Prentice Hall India, 1978.

Course Number

EP2203

Course Credit

3–1–0–4

Course Title

Electromagnetism

Learning Mode

Class lectures, tutorials, assignments, discussions.

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This course gives an introduction to fundamentals of electromagnetic theory. Students will learn electrostatics, electrodynamics and electromagnetic waves in medium and its applications

Course Outline

Electrostatics and Magnetostatics, Displacement current and Maxwell’s equations, Maxwell’s equation in matter, Boundary conditions, Conservation principles in EM theory (energy and momentum), Poynting’s theorem, Electromagnetic (EM) wave equation for E and B in vacuum, Monochromatic plane waves, Energy and momentum in EM waves, Propagation of EM waves in linear media, Reflection and transmission of EM waves at conducting and non-conducting media; Skin effect, Frequency dependence of permittivity; Wave guides: EM waves between two conducting planes, TM, TE and TEM waves and their transmission.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination.

Text Books:

1. D. J. Griffiths, Introduction to Electrodynamics, Third Edition, Pearson Education Inc., 2006.

2. J. D. Ryder, Networks, Lines and Fields, Second Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2002.

Course Number

EP2204

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

2-1-0-3

Course Title

Introductory Statistical Mechanics

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

Equips the students with the techniques in Statistical Physics and allows them to apply these techniques to wide variety of problems in Physics

Course Content

Random walk, motivation for Statistical Mechanics; Phase space; Postulates of Statistical Physics; Ergodicity; Microcanonical, canonical and grand-canonical ensembles approach with examples; Partition functions, examples; real gases; Ising model; Quantum statistics: Bosonic and Fermionic gases; Bose-Einstein Condensation; Phases and phase transitions, Ehrenfest criteria, order-parameters, liquid Helium as example; Shannon entropy and other entropy measures, applications in information science

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Textbooks:

1. R. K. Pathria and Paul D. Beale, Statistical Mechanics (Elsevier, 4th Edition, 2021).

2. D. Chandler, Introduction to Modern Statistical Physics (Oxford University Press, 1987).

3. W. Krauth, Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations (Oxford Masters Series in Physics, 2006).

References:

1. F. Mandl, Statistical Physics (Wiley-Blackwell, ELBS Edition, 1988).

2. F.Reif, Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics (Berkeley Physics Course - Vol.5., 2017).

3. M.Pilschke and B.Bergerson, Equilibrium Statistical Physics, (World Scientific, 1994).

4. B. P. Agarwal ad M. Eisner, Statistical Mechanics, (Wiley Eastern Limited, 1988).

5. K.Huang, Introduction to Statistical Physics (Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2nd Edition, 2009).

6. D. Chowdhury, D. Stauffer, Principles of Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics, Wiley-Vch, 2000

Course Number

EP2205

Course Credit

2-0-3-3.5

Course Title

Analog Electronics

Learning Mode

Lectures and Laboratory

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

The course covers various devices and components used in analog electronics. The device operation, behaviour and technological framework required for the fabrication of these devices is also discussed.

In the laboratory, the students will receive hands-on training on designing circuits to measure the current-voltage characteristics of these devices. Also, at the end, designing and making circuit in a PCB is also performed.

Course Outline

Lecture: p-n junction diode, Zener diode, Schottky diode, photovoltaic cell, photodiode, tunnel diode, unijunction transistor, bipolar junction transistor, junction field effect transistor, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor and insulated gate bipolar transistor

Device fabrication, introduction to cleanroom processes including wafer cleaning, deposition, lithography, diffusion, etching and bonding

Laboratory: I – V characteristics of:

Zener diode and its voltage regulation, Schottky diode, Tunnel diode, Solar cell, Silicon controlled rectifier, Unijunction transistor, BJT in CE, CB and CC mode of operation, JFET, MOSFET, both for enhancement and depletion mode, IGBT;

Soldering semiconductor devices on PCB for making a circuit

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Lecture: Mid Semester, Quizzes, Assignments and End Semester Exam

Laboratory: Laboratory report and End Semester Examination

Course Number

EP3101

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

2–0–3–3.5

Course Title

Computational Techniques

Learning Mode

Class lectures, tutorials, assignments, discussions.

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This course will train students in various numerical methods and techniques required for solving various physics and engineering problems numerically

Course Outline

Preliminaries of Computing; Roots of Non Linear Equations and solution of system of Linear Equations:- Fixed-point iteration, Bisection, Secant, Regula-Falsi method, Newton Raphson method, Gauss Elimination method by pivoting, Gauss – Jordan method, Gauss – Seidel method, Relaxation method, Convergence of iteration methods, LU and Cholesky decomposition. Interpolation and approximations:-Lagrange and Newton interpolation, Spline interpolation, Rational approximations, Curve fitting: Least square method, Numerical Integration:-Newton-Cote's rule, Gaussian quadrature, Monte-Carlo technique, Numerical Solution of Ordinary a Differential Equations:-Taylor series method, Runge-Kutta methods.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, lab, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. W. H. Press, S. A. Teukolsky, W T. Vetterling and B. P. Flannery, Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Programming, 2nd Ed, Cambridge University Press, 1997

2. C. F. Gerald and P. O. Wheatley, Applied Numerical Analysis, Pearson Education India; 7 Ed, 2007.

3. S. S. Sastry, Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis, PHI learning Pvt. Ltd., 5th Ed, 2012.

4. M. K. Jain, S. R. K. Iyengar and R. K. Jain, Numerical Methods for Scientific and Engineering Computation, 6th Edition, New Age International (P) Ltd., 2014.

Reference Books:

1. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th Edition, Wiley, 2005.

2. B. S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, 43rd Edition, Khanna Publishers, 2014.

3. Y. Kanetkar, Let us C, 13th edition, BPB publication 2013.

4. Programming in ANSI C, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2008.

5. Programming with C (Schaum's Outlines Series), McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited; 3rdEd, 2010.

Course Number

EP3102

Course credit(L-T-P-C)

1-1-3-3.5

Course title

Data Science for Physicists

Learning mode

Offline

Learning objectives

• An introduction to data science career path for physicists.
• Understanding the basics of machine learning and ML model building.
• Exposition to popular python-based environments like Jupyter, Kaggle which are used industry-wide for AI/ML or data science applications.
• Using state-of-the-art libraries like pandas and sklearn to preprocess the data, apply ML models, validate, and test predictions.
• Hands-on experience through real-world projects.

Course description

Data science is increasingly becoming an essential skill for physicists. While there are numerous courses and programs on data science offered across various media, these are almost invariably targeted at computer science graduates and industry professionals. This course is designed to bridge this gap by introducing essential data science techniques from the perspective of applications in physics research and prepare learners for advanced courses in ML/AI/Data science.

Course content

Programming environments for data science: local python development environment like Jupyter, cloud based python notebook and data science platforms like Kaggle, basics of various open-source libraries for data science applications (like numpy, pandas), file versioning using github.

The what and why of machine learning, mathematical basis of ML – setting up a problem, example of linear and polynomial regression; statistical learning theory – bias, variance, model complexity; cost function, gradient descent, basics of supervised and unsupervised learning, regression with multiple variables, feature normalization, basics of neural networks, building first ML model – handling data for training, testing, and validation, types of models, using scikit-learn library, ML pipelines; data science techniques – pandas, data cleaning, data visualization.

Hands-on project – detection of gravitational waves – introduction to gravitational waves, Fourier transform, noise, GW signal analysis, data fitting.

Pre-requisites

• Linear algebra, matrices, vector algebra
• Basic familiarity with programming in Python

Learning outcomes

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to:

• write intermediate-level programs in Python, define functions, import and use libraries.
• Work on projects in Jupyter environment, and collaborate on group projects on platforms like Kaggle, and github.
• Understand the fundamental concepts of machine learning and theoretical understanding of how ML models are developed.
• Understand and manipulate data for training, validating, and testing predictions of ML models.
• Use various python libraries like scikit-learn, pandas, numpy, etc. to create ML pipelines that take in given data and generate predictions.
• Get exposure to real-world usage of data science techniques in trending research areas.

Assessment method

Project, Assignments, Quiz, Mid-semster examination, End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

• Christopher Bishop, Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Springer, 2007
• Introduction to Machine Learning Edition 2, by Ethem Alpaydin
• Machine Learning. Tom Mitchell. First Edition, McGraw- Hill, 1997.

References:

• A high-bias, low-variance introduction to Machine Learning for physicists, Pankaj Mehta, Marin Bukov, Ching-Hao Wang, Alexandre G.R. Day, Clint Richardson, Charles K. Fisher, David J. Schwab, 2019, Phys. Rep. 810, 1.
• John Hopcroft, Ravindran Kannan, Foundations of Data Science, 2014.
• I. Goodfellow, Y. Bengio, A. Courville. Deep Learning. MIT Press, 2016.
• Machine learning & artificial intelligence in the quantum domain, Vedran Dunjko, Hans J. Briegel, arXiv:1709.02779
• Andrew Ng’s lectures on machine learning, Coursera, [https://www.coursera.org/learn/machine-learning-course/](https://www.coursera.org/learn/machine-learning-course/)

Course Number

EP3103

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

2-0-3-3.5

Course Title

Digital Electronics and Microprocessors

Learning Mode

Lectures and Practical

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

Course Content

Moving and Storing Digital Information, Digital IC Signal Levels, Digital Logic, Basic Gates, Universal Logic Gates; Combinational Logic Circuits, Boolean Laws and Theorems, Sum-of-Products Method, Truth Table to Karnaugh Map, Karnaugh Simplifications, Product-of-sums Simplification, Quine-McClusky Method; Data-Processing Circuits, Multiplexers, Demultiplexers, Decoders and Encoders, Parity Generators and Checkers; Comparator, Read-only Memory, Programmable Array Logic, HDL Implementation of Data Processing Circuits; Binary, octal and hexadecimal number systems, ASCII, Excess-3 Gray Codes; Error Detection and Correction;

Arithmetic Circuits, Complement Representation; Clocks and Timing Circuits, TTL Clock, Schmitt Trigger; Timer-Astable, Monostable, Monostables with Input Logic; Flip-Flops, RS, gated, edge-triggered, D, JK and Master-slave versions; Analysis of Sequential Circuits; Registers, Serial In-serial Out, Serial In-parallel Out, Parallel In-serial Out, Parallel In-parallel Out, Universal Shift Register; Counters, Asynchronous and Synchronous Counters, Decade Counters, Counter Design using HDL; Design of Synchronous and Asynchronous Sequential Circuits; State Transition Diagram and Table; Implementation using Read Only Memory; Algorithmic State Machine, State Reduction Technique; D/A and A/D Conversion, ROM, PROM, EPROM, RAM; TTL Parameters, TTL-to-CMOS and CMOS-to-TTL Interfaces; Multiplexing Displays, Frequency Counters; Microprocessor-compatible A/D Converters, Execution of lnstructions, Macro and Micro Operations; BCD Codes, IEEE Standards; Block diagram of a microprocessor, architecture of 8086, pin diagram, register organization, pipelining, physical address generation; Basics of assembly language programming, assembler, linker, debugger, machine language instruction format; use of opcode sheet, pseudocode and microprocessor programming, elementary operations.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested readings

Textbooks:

1. Digital Principles and Applications (7/e), Donald P. Leach, Tata McGraw Hill (2011).

2. Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications with the 8085 (6/e), Ramesh Gaonkar, PRI (2013).

References:

1. Mastering Digital Electronics, Hubert Henry Ward, APress (2024).

2. Microprocessors and Microcontrollers,

3. N. Senthil Kumar, M. Saravanan, S. Jeevananthan (2/e), Oxford University Press (2018).

Course Number

EP3104

Course Credit

3-1-2-5

Course Title

Solid State Physics

Learning Mode

Class lectures, tutorials, assignments, discussions

Learning Objectives

Complies with program goal 1,2 and 3.

Course Description

This course deals with basic theory of solids which are important to understand the vast range of real solids, with an emphasis on its structure and physical properties. This includes topics that are entirely based on classical methods, and also those which demand a detailed quantum treatment. The concepts of statistical mechanics, thermodynamics and mathematical methods are inherently present in this course due to its interdisciplinary approach. The course includes theories of metals, insulators, and semiconductors. Electrical, mechanical, thermal, magnetic and superconducting properties are discussed with detailed analysis.

Course Outline

Crystal physics: Symmetry operations; Bravais lattices; Point and space groups; Miller indices and reciprocal lattice; Structure determination; diffraction; X-ray, electron and neutron; Crystal binding; Defects in crystals; Point and line defects.

Lattice vibration and thermal properties: linear lattice; acoustic and optical modes; dispersion relation; density of states; phonons and quantization; Brillouin zones; Specific heat (Einstein and Debye models) and thermal conductivity of metals and insulators.

Electronic properties: Free electron theory of metals; electrons in a periodic potential; Bloch equation; Kronig-Penny model; band theory; Nearly free electron and tight-binding model, Motion of electrons in applied electric and magnetic fields.

Semiconductor physics: concept of holes, carrier concentration in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, effective mass and mobility.

Magnetic properties: Dia-, para- and ferro-magnetism.

Superconductivity: General properties of superconductors, Meissner effect; London equations; coherence length; type-I and type-II superconductors.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1a, 1b, 3

Assessment Method

Tutorials & assignments + mid-semester exam + end-semester exam

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

1. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, Wiley India (2009).

2. M. A. Omar, Elementary Solid State Physics, Addison-Wesley (2009).

References:

1. J. Dekker, Solid State Physics, Macmillan (2009).

2. N. W. Ashcroft and N. D. Mermin, Solid State Physics, HBC Publ. (1976).

3. H. P. Myers, Introduction to Solid State Physics, Taylor and Francis (1997).

4. Richard Zallen, The Physics of Amorphous Solids, John Wiley and Sons Inc.,(1983)

Course Number

EP3105

Course Credit

2-0-2-3

Course Title

Instrumentation Techniques

Learning Mode

Class lectures, laboratory demonstration and hands on sessions

Learning Objectives

Complies with program goal 1,2 and 3.

Course Description

A sound knowledge of instrumentation is key to a well-rounded training of an engineer. This course introduces the students to fundamental aspects of the ‘systems design approach’ which will come handy when they want to apply it in development of various systems. The course deals with aspects of signal processing, control, data acquisition and power management. Issues in handling massive data in the form of images and image processing will also be taught.

Course Outline

Fundamentals of system design

Signals processing, Control and Data acquisition: Principles of sensors, transducers, and measurement techniques; Signal processing; Theory of feedback control, stability analysis, and controller design; A/D and D/A, Design Data acquisition, virtual instrumentation; Case studies related to signal processing and control aspects for different systems including advanced analytical instruments, thin film coating units and space applications

Power systems: Different types of power supplies; transformers; signal conditioning; estimation of power requirements

Vacuum systems: Vacuum production techniques, operation for rotary, diffusion, turbo molecular, and cryo-vacuum pumps; Measurement of vacuum, different gauges and their working; Designing Vacuum Systems: Mechanical and thermal design considerations; Pump throughput estimation; Case studies for vacuum systems in different instruments; accelerators, superconducting magnets, food preservation systems, electron microscopes, thin film coating technology

CMOS and CCD camera, coupling light in systems, crucial issue with data handling for large image sizes

Lab component: Use of SimulinkTM/Simscape in signal processing and control; Designing chambers using SolidworkTM and ComsolTM Multiphysics; Signal transduction; Signal conditioning; Controller deployment using Arduino; Generating vacuum using different pumps; Use of different gauges to measure vacuum; Image and video acquisition; processing of images

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1a, 1b, 3

Assessment Method

mid-semester exam, end-semester exam

Suggested Readings:

Books:

1. Instrumentation: Devices and Systems, C. Rangan, G. Sarma, V. S. V. Mani, 2nd ed. McGraw Hill Education, 2017

2. Instrumentation for Engineers, J. D. Turner, Springer (reprint), 2020

3. Vacuum Technology, A. Roth, North-Holland, 3rd ed., 2007.

References:

1. Vacuum Science & Technology- V. V. Rao, K. L. Chopra and T. B. Ghosh, Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 2012

2. A user's guide to vacuum technology, J. F. O'Hanlon, Wiley-Interscience, 2nd ed., 2003.

3. Handbook of vacuum science and technology, D. M. Hoffman, Bawa Singh, J. H. Thomas-III (Eds)., Elsevier, 1998.

Sl. No.

1. to 6. are from the first table

Total Credit

21.5

Course Number

EP3201

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 2-1-0-3

Course Title

Nonlinear Dynamics

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This course will help to understand the concept and method of theory of dynamical system as well as its application to physics, chemistry and biology. It will describe nonlinear phenomena in physical systems by using a minimum background in physics and mathematics.

Course Content

Role of nonlinearity in physical systems.

Dynamical systems: Flow systems, iterated maps in 1D and hybrid systems, fixed points, their stability analysis and classifications, physical examples including nonlinear planar pendulum with and without damping.

Flows in two dimensions: limit cycles, Poincare-Benedixon theorem, driven oscillators with damping, bifurcations in one and two dimensions, Hopf bifurcation. Chaos and various routes to chaos: period doubling, intermittency and quasi-periodic routes, Lyapunov exponents, self-similarity and fractal objects.

Fractal dimensions, Lorentz system and its fixed points and stability.

Cantor set, logistic map, computer based problems relevant to engineering and biology.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3(a)

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

1. S. H. Strogatz, Nonlinear Dynamics & Chaos, CRC Press, 2018.

2. Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations, D. W. Jordan and P. Smith

References:

Chaos and Nonlinear Dynamics: an Introduction for Scientists and Engineers, R.C. Hillborn

R. H. Enns and G. C. McGuire, Nonlinear Physics with Mathematica for Scientists and Engineers, Birkhäuser, Boston, 2001.

Course Number

PH3202

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 1-0-4-3

Course Title

Interfacing and Data analysis

Learning Mode

Lecture and Lab

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

The course teaches (a) how to control and communicate remotely through interfacing and (b) perform a(multiple) measurement(s) by using Labview. It will also introduce different ways of communications like GPIB, RS-232 etc. Various ways to display and analyze data will also be covered.

Course Outline

Labview Basics: Introduction and Objectives; Overview of GUI software based data acquisition and analysis platforms, Programming basics; Front panel; block diagram; data flow

Programming Structures: for/while loops; shift resistor; case structures; sequence structures

Graphs and charts: Arrays; Clusters

Serial ports (RS232) and GPIB (IEEE 488.1) Communication; Background and working principle; communication with instruments; instrument drivers; Property nodes; strings; file I/O; data acquisition and visualization

Data analysis: Gaussian and Poisson distribution; Error analysis; Regression; Bayesian parameter estimation and hypothesis testing; The maximum-entropy approach;

Linear and nonlinear model fitting; Time-series analysis

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a),1(b), 2(a) and 3a

Assessment Method

Day to Day experimental assessment and viva End term examination

Suggested Readings:

1. Getting Started with Labview, NI Instruments

2. Labview user manual by NI Instruments

3. Bevington, Philip R. and D. Keith Robinson, Data Reduction and Error Analysis for the

4. Physical Sciences, 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2003.

5. Meyer, Stuart L., Data Analysis for Scientists and Engineers, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1975.

6. Young, Hugh D., Statistical Treatment of Experimental Data, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, 1962.

7. Bayesian Logical Data Analysis for the Physical Sciences: A Comparative Approach with Mathematica Support, by Phil Gregory (Cambridge University Press).

8. A Student's Guide To Python for Physical Modeling, by Jesse M. Kinder and Philip Nelson (Princeton University Press).

Course Number

EP3203

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 3-1-2-5

Course Title

Atomic and Molecular Physics

Learning Mode

Lectures & Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Course Description

This course provides engineering students building strong fundamentals in Atomic Physics and Molecular physics. Also this course introduces methods and models which are very essential to pursue research in advanced theoretical, experimental physics and engineering applications.

Course Outline

Time independent and time-dependent perturbation theory, interaction of one electron atoms with electromagnetic radiation, Transition rates, The dipole approximation, Selection rules, Spectrum of one electron atoms, Line intensities and the life time of the excited states, Line shapes and widths, Fine structure and Hyperfine structure, The Lamb Shift, Zeeman and Stark effect. Many electron atoms: Variational method, Hartree- Fock method and the SCF, Central field approximation, L-S coupling and j-j coupling, Molecular structure, Born-Oppenheimer approximation,

Electronic structure of diatomic molecule, Electronic, Rotational, Vibrational and Vibration-Rotation Spectra of diatomic molecules.

Learning Outcome

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination, End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

· B.H. Bransden and C.J. Joachain, Physics of Atoms and Molecules, Longman Scientific and Technical, 1983.

· Gordon W and F. Drake, Springer Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, Springer, 2006.

· W. Demtroder, Atoms, Molecules and Photons, Springer, 2010.

· H. Haken and H.C. Wolf, Physics of Atoms and Quanta, Springer, 2005.

· H. E. White, Introduction to Atomic Spectra,McGraw Hill, 2019

· G. K. Woodgate, Elementary Atomic Structure, 2nd Ed., ClerentonPress, Oxford, 2002

· M. Karplus and R. N. Porter, Atoms and Molecules: An Introduction for Students of Physical Chemistry

References:

· Ira N. Levine, Quantum Chemistry, 6th Edition, PHI Learning Private Limited, New Delhi, 2009.

· John P. Lowe and Kirk A. Peterson, Quantum Chemistry, 3rd Edition, Academic Press, 2009.

· Peter Atkins and Ronald Friedman, 4thEdition, Oxford Univ. Press, 2012.

· Collin N. Banwell and Elain M. Mc Cash, Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, 4thEdition, Tata McGraw Hills, 2008.

Course Number

EP3204

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 3-0-0-3

Course Title

Soft Condensed Matter Physics

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2a and 3

Course Description

Create understanding diffusion in soft matter, colloids, and polymers. Learn expertise for biologically relevant polymers, different self-assemblies, and impact of varied interfaces. Acquire understanding of liquid crystals and various experimental techniques for characterizing soft matter.

Course Content

Introduction to Soft Matter: Overview of soft matter, entropy in disordered systems; forces, energies, length scale and time scales in soft matter Diffusion processes: Fick’s laws, Diffusion Equation, Random walks, Brownian motion, Langevin and Fokker-Plank equations

Colloids: Colloidal particle in a liquid (Stoke’s law and Brownian motion), forces between colloidal particles (Van der Waals, electrostatic double layer, steric, depletion interaction), stability and phase behaviour of colloids.

Polymers: Basic concepts, types of polymers, molecular weights, determination of molecular weights. Crystallization

Self-Assemblies and Interface Science: Self-assembled phases in solutions of amphiphilic molecules, spherical micelles and critical micelle concentration, reverse micelles, bilayers and vesicles, Langmuir monolayers; complex phases in surfactant solutions and microemulsions.

Liquid Crystals: Types of liquid crystals, characteristics and identification of liquid crystal phases, nematic/isotropic transition, rigidity and elastic constants of a nematic liquid crystal.

Biological Soft Matter: DNA (structure, condensation, noncanonical structures), RNA (structure, folding, crystallization), proteins (structure, folding, crystallization).

Applications of soft matter physics.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1, 2a and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Presentation, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

1. Soft condensed matter by R. A. L. Jones, Oxford University Press

2. Biological Physics by P. Nelson

3. Polymer Physics by Tanaka Fumihiko, Cambridge University Press

References:

4. Liquid Crystals: Nature delicate phase of matter by P. J. Collings, Princeton University Press

5. Ian W. Hamley, Introduction to Soft Matter: Synthetic and Biological Self-Assembling Materials, John Wiley & Sons.

6. Thomas A. Witten and Philip A. Pincus, Structured Fluids: Polymers, Colloids and Surfactants, Oxford University Press.

7. Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics, P. G. de Gennes

Sl. No.

1.

Course Code

PH3201

Departmental Elective – I

Engineering Optics

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3

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3

Course Number

PH3201

Course Credit

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Engineering Optics

Learning Mode

Lectures and Assignments

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1,2 and 3

Course Description

This course introduces students various optical systems, optical devices needed for various engineering applications in the field of Optics and modern cutting edge technology

Course Outline

Lens systems: Basics and concepts of lens design, some lens systems.

Optical components: Reflective, refractive and diffractive systems; Mirrors, prisms, gratings, filters, polarizing components.

Interferometric systems: Two beam, multiple beam, shearing, scatter fringe and polarization interferometers.

Vision Optics: Eye and vision, colorimetry basics.

Optical sources: Incandescent, fluorescent, discharge lamps, Light emitting diode.

Optical detectors: Photographic emulsion, thermal detectors, photodiodes, photomultiplier tubes, detector arrays, Charge-coupled device, CMOS.

Optical Systems: Telescopes, microscopes (bright field, dark field, confocal, phase contrast, digital holographic), projection systems, interferometers, spectrometers.

Display devices: Cathode ray tube, Liquid crystal display, Liquid crystals on silicon, Digital light processing, Digital micro-mirror device, Gas plasma, LED display, Organic led displays (OLED).

Consumer devices: Optical disc drives: CD, DVD; laser printer, photocopier, cameras, image intensifiers.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. R. S. Longhurst, Geometrical and Physical Optics, 3rd ed., Orient Longman, 1988.

2. R. E. Fischer, B. Tadic-Galeb, and P. R. Yoder, Optical System Design, 2nd ed., SPIE Press, 2008.

Reference Books:

1. W. J. Smith, Modern Optical Engineering, 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 2000.

2. K. Iizuka, Engineering Optics, Springer, 2008.

3. B. H. Walker, Optical Engineering Fundamentals, SPIE Press, 1995.

Sl. No.

2.

Course Code

PH3202

Departmental Elective – I

Cryogenic Engineering

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3

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0

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0

C

3

Course Number

PH3202

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 3-0-0-3

Course Title

Cryogenic Engineering

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

Equips the students with the techniques in Cryogenic Engineering and allows them to apply these techniques in both research and industrial scenarios

Course Content

Introduction to cryogenic engineering and its scope; components of a typical cryogenic systems; physical properties of cryogenic fluids such as nitrogen, helium and hydrogen including their extraction, purification, regeneration, safe storage and transfer; sensors at cryogenic temperatures; cryogenic heat transfer; cryocooler systems for refrigeration and liquefaction; elements of cryogenic system design and instrumentation; low heat leak structural supports, thermal mass considerations, thermal insulation systems, liquefaction/refrigeration of cryogens; Stirling, Claude and related cycles, recovery and storage, cryogenic heat exchangers, instrumentation for cryogenics including compressors, pumps, expansion engines and turbine mechanisms; safety features in cryogenic systems; design considerations for cryogenic systems for applications including CCR, MRI, NMR, accelerators, adiabatic demagnetization and dilution refrigerators, and cryogenic engines.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(b) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

1. Randall Barron, Cryogenic Systems, 2nd Edition (1985).

2. Thomas M. Flynn, Cryogenic Engineering, New York, NY: Marcel Dekker USA, 2nd Edition (2005).

References:

1. Zuyu Zhao and Chao Wang, Cryogenic Engineering and Technologies, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis USA (2020).

2. Frank Pobell, Matters and Methods at Low Temperature, 3rd Edition, Springer (2007)

Sl. No.

3.

Course Code

PH3203

Departmental Elective – I

Advanced Quantum Mechanics

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3

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3

Course Number

PH3203

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 3-0-0-3

Course Title

Advanced Quantum Mechanics

Learning Mode

Lectures & Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

In this course students will learn time dependent perturbation theory, scattering theory and relativistic quantum mechanics.

Course Content

Time dependent perturbation theory, interaction picture; Einstein's coefficients, spontaneous and stimulated emission and absorption, application to lasers; Semi-classical and quantum theories of light-matter interactions;

Scattering theory: Laboratory and centre of mass frames, differential and total scattering

cross-sections, scattering amplitude; Born approximation, Partial wave analysis;

Theory of open quantum system, density matrix, Markovian master equation; Quantum wave packet dynamics; Quantum Information;

Symmetries in quantum mechanics: Conservation laws, and degeneracy associated with symmetries; Continuous symmetries, space and time translations, rotations; Rotation group; Discrete symmetries; parity, charge and time reversal;

Relativistic quantum mechanics, Concept of antiparticles; Dirac equation, covariant form, Plane wave solution and momentum space, spinors; Spin and magnetic moment of the electron.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1, 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Seminar, Mid-semester examination, End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

1. C. Cohen-Tannoudji, Quantum Mechanics (Vol-I and II), John Wiley & Sons (Asia), 2005.

2. L. I. Schiff, Quantum Mechanics, McGraw-Hill, 1968.

3. J. J. Sakurai, Advanced Quantum Mechanics, Pearson Education, 2007.

4. J. J. Sakurai, Modern Quantum Mechanics, Pearson Education, 2002.

5. R. Shankar, Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Springer (India), 2008.

6. Heinz-Peter Breuer, Francesco Petruccione, Theory of Open Quantum Systems, Oxford University Press, 2003.

Reference Books:

7. B. H. Bransden and C. J. Joachain, Quantum Mechanics, Parson Education 2nd Ed, 2004.

8. E. Merzbacher, Quantum Mechanics, John Wiley (Asia), 1999.

9. V.K. Thankappan, Quantum Mechanics, Wiley Eastern, 1985.

10. R.P. Feynman, R.B. Leighton and M.Sands, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol.3, Narosa Publication House, 1992.

11. P.A.M. Dirac, The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Oxford University Press, 1991.

12. L.D.Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Quantum Mechanics -Nonrelativistic Theory, 3rd Ed, Pergamon, 1981.

Sl. No.

4.

Course Code

PH3204

Departmental Elective – I

Power Sources for Electric Vehicles

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3

T

1

P

0

C

4

Course Number

PH3204

Course Credit

L – T – P : 3 – 1-0-4

Course Title

Power Sources for Electric Vehicles

Learning Mode

Physical Presence in Class Room

Learning Objectives

This course is highly relevant and industry demand driven contents in the emerging are of clean and green technology to reduce carbon foot print and bring transformation with “zero emission” transport system. It aims to impart a comprehensive training and skill pertaining to:

1. energy storage technologies from ab initio storage cells to current state of developments.

2. concept, design, fabrication and testing protocol of energy and power cells for EV applications.

3. bridge the technological gap with adequate skill focused content to fulfil the emerging need of competent workforce for EV industry.

Course Outline

Module-1: Power generation for transport with focus on zero emissions, an overview of electric vehicles and their power requirements, battery powered electric vehicles (EVs), performance criteria for EV batteries, laboratory testing protocols for EV batteries

Module-2: Vehicle mechanics and power requirements, energy storage cell fundamentals, batteries, fly wheels and super capacitors, cell design and customization approach for cell voltage and current modification, cell and battery modelling for rated power requirement and design.

Module-3: Concepts of super capacitors as a storage cell with large power delivery, supercapacitor classification, design, fabrication, testing and applications, advantage and challenges in integration of a super capacitor with battery and possible alternatives.

Module-4: Design of a battery pack for EV application, operational safety challenges and need for thermal management and battery management systems (BMS), Safety considerations and protocols for battery pack development in EVs with case study for e-cycle, e-bike, 3-wheelers.

Learning Outcome

Learners of the course will be able upskill their knowledge and skill to fulfil emergent need of rapidly expanding electric vehicle (EV) industry.

Assessment Method

Class test and Quiz/Assignment (20%), MSE: (30%), ESE: (50%)

Suggested Readings:

1. Batteries for Electric Vehicles, D.A.J. Rand, R. Woods, R.M. Dell., John Wiley & Sons Inc.

2. Electric and Hybrid Vehicles: Design Fundamentals, Iqbal Husain, CRC Press

3. Electric Vehicle Technology Explained, James Larmenier, John Lowry, John Wiley & Sons

Sl. No.

5.

Course Code

PH3205

Departmental Elective – I

Engineering Electromagnetics

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3

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0

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0

C

3

Course Number

PH3205

Course Credit

3–0–0–3

Course Title

Engineering Electromagnetics

Learning Mode

Class lectures, tutorials, assignments, discussions.

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This course builds upon advanced engineering topics in electromagnetics, with focus on cutting edge engineering applications.

Course Outline

Review of Electromagnetic theory, wave guides and resonant cavities, rectangular and cylindrical waveguides. dielectric and surface waveguides, Multimode propagation in optical fibers, Introduction to radiating systems, localized oscillating source, dipole fields and radiation, Monopole and dipole antennas, Antenna arrays. Yagi, Horn, Parabola, micro strip and patch antennas, Microwave cavities. Scattering matrix, S parameters, reciprocity, coupling energy to a waveguide, Microwave components: Gunn, impatt and varacter diodes, etc and their use in designing RF circuits, Practical RF circuit design, Frequency-independent antennas, log-periodic antennas, spiral antennas. RF-Id systems, Studies of RF circuits in mobile phones and satellite communications.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination.

Suggested Readings:

Text books:

1. J. D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, 3rd ed., Wiley, 1999.

2. Antennas and Wave propagation 5ED by John D. Kraus, Ronald J. Marhefka, et al (SIE) (PB 2018).

3. D. M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering; 4/e, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2012.

4. R. E. Collin, Foundations for Microwave Engineering; 2/e, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2000.

References:

D. J. Griffiths, Introduction to Electrodynamics, Third Edition, Pearson Education Inc., 2006.

J. D. Ryder, Networks, Lines and Fields, Second Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2002.

Feynman Lectures on Physics Vol-II, Pearson, 2012.

Antenna theory: analysis and design. CA Balanis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2016

M. Liao, Microwave devices and Circuits; 3/e, Prentice Hall of India, 2004.

Sl. No.

1.

Course Code

PH3206

Departmental Elective – II

Laser Physics

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3

T

0

P

0

C

3

Course Number

PH3206

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 3-0-0-3

Course Title

Laser Physics

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2a and 3

Course Description

Create understanding of basic light-matter interactions, design, and construction of laser. Learn expertise in usage and safety of laser. Acquire understanding of component of lasers and pulsing methodology.

Course Content

Introduction to laser physics; Light-matter Interaction; Semiclassical theory, Wave and quantum properties of light, Spontaneous and stimulated emissions, Einstein’s coefficients. Line shape function, Line broadening: Homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening, natural, Doppler and collisional broadening.

Light amplification; Optical saturation, Population inversion, Optical pumping, Rate Equations; 2-level, 3-level and 4-levl lasers, Laser action (gain, threshold, power, frequency), Gain saturation, Optimal conditions for laser operation; Laser saturation,

Optical Resonator: Longitudinal and transverse laser cavity modes, cavity loss, Q-factor, ABCD matrix, Stable and unstable resonator, Properties of Gaussian Beam and propagation.

Laser Pulsing: Hole Burning; Q-Switching; Mode Locking; Single Mode Lasers; Ultrafast laser systems, linear and nonlinear pulse propagation

Types of Lasers: He-Ne Laser; Nd-YAG Laser; Solid-state laser, Gas Laser Dye Laser, Excimer Laser; Semiconductor Laser; Tuneable Lasers, Supercontinuum Laser, Fiber Lasers

Laser Safety and applications:

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1, 2a and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Presentation, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

1. Optical Electronics, Ajoy Ghatak and K.Thyagarajan, CUP, 2003.

2. Photonics, Amnon Yariv and Pochi Yeh, 6 th ed., OUP, 2009.

3. Fundamentals of Photonics, B.E.A.Saleh and M.C.Teich, 2 nd ed., Wiley Interscience, 2007.

4. W. T. Silfvast, Laser Fundamentals, Cambridge University Press

Sl. No.

2.

Course Code

PH3207

Departmental Elective – II

Advanced Mathematical Methods

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2

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1

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0

C

3

Course Number

PH3207

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 2-1-0-3

Course Title

Advanced Mathematical Methods

Learning Mode

Lectures & Tutorials

Learning Objectives

The purpose of the course is to introduce students to methods of mathematical physics and to develop required mathematical skills to solve problems in quantum mechanics, electrodynamics and other advanced courses in physics.

Course Description

The course offers detailed study on group theory and advanced numerical techniques. Group theory plays an important role in particle physics. Numerical techniques are handy in solving several advanced physics and engineering problems.

Course Outline

Module A: Group Theory: Definition, Subgroups, Classes and Examples, Group representations (regular and product; reducible and irreducible), Characters, Physical applications, Infinite groups; Lie groups and Lie algebra, Generators: Representations of Z2, SU(1,1), SU(2), SU(3) and SO(3). Integral Equations: Generating functions, Newmann series.

Module B: Numerical Optimisation:- Newton's method, Golden section search, Conjugate gradient method. Linear Programming, Simplex Method; Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations:- Difference Equation, Crank-Nicolson method, Split operator technique; Eigen value problems:- Jacobi transformation Fourier Transform:- Discrete Fourier Transform and Fast Fourier Transform in two or more dimensions; Engineering applications.

Learning Outcome

PLO 1b, 3

Assessment Method

Mid-semetser examination, End-semester examination, Quiz & Assignments

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

· George B. Arfken and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, Academic Press Inc., 4th Edition, 1995.

· E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley India, 8th Edition, 2008.

· M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegan, Mandbook of Mathematical Functions, Dover Publs., INC., New York, 1965.

References:

· R.V. Churchill and J.W. Brown: Complex Variables and Applications.

A. Zee: Group Theory in a Nutshell for Physicists, Princeton University Press, 2016.

Sl. No.

3.

Course Code

PH3208

Departmental Elective – II

Electron Microscopy

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3

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C

3

Course Number

PH3208

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 3-0-0-3

Course Title

Electron Microscopy

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

The objective of the course is to introduce the student to the electron microscopy and its utilization in modern technology. The students will learn about the electron-matter interaction, working principle of electron microscopes. The principle of electron optics and its use will be learned by the students. The opportunity in electron microscopy area will be known to the student.

Course Description

The course discusses different kinds of electron microscopy and electron spectroscopy. Analysis of TEM and SEM image, electron diffraction pattern, X-ray spectra analysis and, their applications in industry will be covered in this course.

Course Content

Module 1:

Introduction to Microscopy, Limitations of the Human Eye, Optic, The X-ray Microscope, Electron Microscope, Low-Energy and Photoelectron Microscopes, Atom-Probe Microscopy.

Modul

Learning Outcome

Assessment Method

Suggested Readings:

Sl. No.

4.

Course Code

PH3209

Departmental Elective – II

Quantum Computation

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2

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1

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0

C

3

Course Number

PH3209

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 2-1-0-3

Course Title

Quantum Computation

Learning Mode

Lectures & Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Course Description

Course Outline

Learning Outcome

Assessment Method

Suggested Readings:

Sl. No.

5.

Course Code

PH3210

Departmental Elective – II

Device Modeling and Design

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2

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1

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0

C

3

Course Number

PH3210

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 2-1-0-3

Course Title

Device Modeling and Design

Learning Mode

Lectures & Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Course Description

Course Outline

Learning Outcome

Assessment Method

Suggested Readings:

Course Number

EP4105

Course Credit

1-0-3-2.5

Course Title

Quantum Technology Laboratory

Learning Mode

Laboratory course

Learning Objectives

Aligns with PLO 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

It provides hands-on experience and skills for experiments in quantum techniques that are challenging at varying levels of expertise.

Course Content

(Around 10 experiments out of the following will run at a time)

Theme: Quantum Simulators for Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication etc

Designing of quantum circuits: complex quantum circuits using universal quantum gates, and quantum state preparation.

Exp 1: Logic operations in discrete-variable and continuous-variable quantum computations including quantum measurements.

Exp 2: Decomposition of single qubit parameterized quantum gates, Controlled-parameterized quantum gates and multi-controlled quantum gates.

Exp 3: Designing quantum states like superposition, GHZ etc.

Design prototype quantum circuits for quantum algorithms.

Exp 4: Implementing quantum Fourier transformation.

Exp 5: Implementing quantum phase estimation.

Exp 6: Implementing Grover’s search algorithm.

Exp 7: Implementing different quantum algorithms for fidelity estimation between pure quantum states.

Quantum communication.

Exp 8: Implementing quantum teleportation protocol.

Quantum computation for AI.

Exp 9: Designing quantum fidelity classifier using quantum Hadamard test.

Exp 10: Designing quantum kernels using Gaussian states.

Theme: Quantum Interference: This experimental setup investigate various aspects of quantum interference.

Exp 11: Two Photon Interferometer

Exp 12: Single Photon Michelson Interferometer

Theme: Quantum Entanglement: Quantum entanglement is an important integral part of quantum technology. These experiments focus towards demonstration of quantum entanglement using photonic qubits and verify nonlocality through Bell inequality violation.

Exp 13: Quantum Entanglement Demonstrator

Exp 14: Test of Bell’s inequality

Theme : Quantum Cryptography (BB84) Quantum cryptography is a paradigm shift in secure quantum communication. These experiments provide hands-on exploration of cryptographic principles and its applications.

Exp 15: Quantum Cryptography Demonstration, Quantum key distribution,

Exp 16: Quantum Random Number Generator

Theme: Single Photon and SPDC sources: Single photon counting detectors, photon statistics, the statistical properties of photon pairs are analyzed using the second-order correlation function (g(2)), measured through coincidence counting

Exp 17: Absolute Efficiency Measurement System for Single Photon Counting Detectors

Exp 18: Demonstration of photon-statistics of different light sources

Exp 19: Shot noise measurement of photon

Exp 20: Statistical properties of photon pairs analysis using the second-order correlation function

Learning Outcome

The learning outcomes align with 1a, 1b,2a and 3a

Suggested Reading:

M. Tinkham, Introduction to Superconductivity, 2/e (2004).

Barton Zweibach, Mastering Quantum Techniques-Essentials, Theory and Applications (2022).

Sl. No.

1.

Course Code

PH4106

Departmental Elective – III

Science and Technology of Nanomaterials

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3

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0

C

3

Sl. No.

2.

Course Code

PH4107

Departmental Elective – III

Optical Quantum Communication

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3

T

0

P

0

C

3

Course Number

PH4107

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 3-0-0-3

Course Title

Optical Quantum Communication

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This course provides engineering students to learn modern cutting edge optical quantum communication techniques which are very essential to pursue for advanced research and scientific jobs in the area of quantum communication and engineering applications. The course will also examine current research trends and potential future developments in the field of optical quantum communication.

Course Outline

classical v/s quantum information, quantum bits (qubits) and quantum gates, quantum entanglement and its properties, single-photon sources, entangled photon sources, photons as information carriers, polarization qubits, qubit generation and propagation, Bell state measurements, quantum repeaters, various protocols for quantum memory and its efficiency, implementation of quantum memory nodes, long distance quantum communication using quantum repeaters, quantum networks, multi-node quantum communication, ground-based and space-based quantum networks, entanglement distribution and quantum internet, Recent progress in quantum photonic chips for quantum communication and internet.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(b) and 3

Assessment Method

Exams, Quiz and Assignment

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

1. Gianfranco Cariolaro,Quantum Communications, Springer (2015).

2. P. Kok and B. W. Lovett, Introduction to Optical Quantum Information Processing, Cambridge university press.

3. Peter Lambropoulos, David Petrosyan, Fundamentals of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Springer (2007)

4. Ivan B. Djordjevic, Quantum Communication, Quantum Networks, and Quantum Sensing, Elsevier (2022)

References:

L. Mandel, and E. Wolf. Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics, Cambridge University Press.

W. H. Louisell, Quantum Statistical Properties of Radiation, McGraw-Hill.

D. Bouwmeester, A. K. Ekert, and A. Zeilinger, eds. The Physics of Quantum Information, Springer

Serge Haroche, Jean-Michel Raimond, Exploring the Quantum: Atoms, Cavities, and Photons, Oxford Academic (2006)

Sl. No.

3.

Course Code

PH4108

Departmental Elective – III

Photovoltaics: Concepts and Applications

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Course Number

PH4108

Course Credit (L-T- P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Photovoltaics: Concepts and Applications

Learning Mode

Physical Presence in Class Room

Learning Objectives

Alternative energy sources have always been a core area of significant importance since long. Recent focus on harnessing natural energy from the Sun, has necessitated teaching of relevant course at undergraduate level to create talent pool to meet industry demand. It aims to impart;

1. Knowledge pertaining to solar energy harnessing conditions

2. Learning relevant to physics of photovoltaic cells.

3. Training and skill relevant for design, processing, fabrication, testing and installation of photovoltaic cells, i.e.; end to end industry skill.

Course Outline

Module-1: An introduction to different sources of energy with its implications and alternative solutions, energy balance of the Sun and optimal conditions for harnessing solar energy, efficient design to entrap solar energy, a state of-the-art review of solar photovoltaic cells.

Module-2: Semiconductor fundamentals, drift, diffusion and charge transport, photon emission and absorption, PN junction design and control parameters, Junction solar cell configuration – design, fabrication, analysis and efficiency improvement considerations for efficient solar cells.

Module-3: Silicon based solar cell technology - monocrystalline, polycrystalline, amorphous and thin film Si solar cells, Process form sand to Silicon and Silicon to Wafer, Cell design and fabrication process, Multi-junction Si solar cells.

Module-4: Non-Si solar cell technology, its challenges and advancements, an introduction to protocols for solar cell installation.

Learning Outcome

The learners of the course would be ready with knowledge to; (a) harness solar energy and technologically competent to implement the technology and (b) fulfil emerging industry and R & D institution demand for technologically skilled workforce.

Assessment Method

Class test and Quiz/Assignment (20%), MSE: (30%), ESE: (50%)

Suggested Readings:

1. Solar Photovoltaics: Fundamentals, Technologies and Applications (2nd ed.), C. S. Solanki, Prentice Hall of India

2. Solar Cell Device Physics, Stephen Fonash (2nd ed.), Academic Press

3. Principles of Solar Cells, LEDs and Diodes, Adrian Kitai, Wiley

Sl. No.

4.

Course Code

PH4109

Departmental Elective – III

Electronic Devices and Circuits

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3

Course Number

PH4109

Course Credit

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Electronic Devices and Circuits

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

To pick-up skills for circuit analysis that uses Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT), Operational Amplifiers (OPAMP) and Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET).

Course Description

The course is focused on techniques used for analysis of various circuits that use electronic devices. The course is composed of three modules, namely, BJT, OPAMP and MOSFETs. The first module revolves around circuits that use discrete BJT as an amplifier. The second module introduces OPAMPs which are based on BJT. A wide variety of linear and non-linear applications of OPAMPs are discussed. The last module discusses various circuits of MOSFETs.

Course Outline

Module 1: Introduction to re-model of BJT, Analysis of CE, CB and CC configuration using re model; Introduction to h-parameter model of BJT, Analysis of CE, CB and CC configuration using h-parameter model;

Module 2: Introduction to Differential Amplifier using BJT; Introduction to OPAMP, AC equivalent circuit of OPAMP (real and ideal);

Various linear applications of OPAMP ® Inverting amplifier (AMP), Non-inverting AMP, Summing AMP, Difference AMP, Unity follower, Positive and Negative voltage references, Voltage regulator, Howland Current source, etc.; Active filters ® First-order & Second-order low-pass and high-pass Butterworth filter, All-pass filter, Band-pass and Band-reject filter, Notch filter; Basics of Oscillator, Wien-Bridge Oscillator, Phase-Shift Oscillator, Quadrature Oscillator, Square-wave, Triangular-wave and Sawtooth-wave generator, VCO.

Various non-linear applications of OPAMP ® Basics of Comparator, Zero crossing detector, Schmitt Trigger; Log AMP & Anti-log AMP.

Module 3: MOSFET circuit at DC, MOSFET as an amplifier, Biasing in MOS AMP circuits: Biasing by fixing VGS with and without resistance in the Source, Biasing using drain-to-gate feedback resistor, Biasing using constant current source, DC bias point in small signal operation; Introduction to small signal AC equivalent circuit with and without channel length modulation effect, T-equivalent circuit model, Characteristics parameter of single stage MOS AMP, CS amplifier with and without source resistance, CG amplifier and CD amplifier.

Learning Outcome

Students get to know the following:

(a) Basics of circuit analysis

(b) Circuit analysis skill for single stage low frequency BJT amplifier in various configurations

(c) Circuit analysis skill for a wide variety of OP-AMP circuits that encompasses both linear and non-linear applications

(d) Circuit analysis skill for single stage low frequency MOS amplifier in various configurations

Assessment Method

Quiz, Assignments and Exams

Content for HSS Elective – II will go here

Content is not provided.

Content for IDE – III will go here

Content is not provided.

Content for Summer Internship* will go here

Content is not provided.

Content for Project – I will go here

Content is not provided.

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1.

Course Code

PH4205

Departmental Elective – IV

Quantum Mechanics - II

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3

Course Number

PH4205

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

2-1-0-3

Course Title

Quantum Mechanics-II

Learning Mode

Lectures & Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

In this course students will learn time dependent perturbation theory, scattering theory and relativistic quantum mechanics.

Course Content

Time dependent perturbation theory, Schrödinger, Heisenberg and interaction pictures.; Constant and harmonic perturbations Fermi's Golden rule;

Scattering theory: Laboratory and centre of mass frames, differential and total scattering cross-sections, scattering amplitude; Born approximation, Greens functions, scattering for different kinds of potentials; Partial wave analysis; Special topics in radiation theory: semi-classical treatment of interaction of radiation with matter

Symmetries in quantum mechanics: Conservation laws and degeneracy associated with symmetries; Continuous symmetries, space and time translations, rotations; Rotation group, Wigner-Eckart theorem; Discrete symmetries; parity and time reversal.

Relativistic quantum mechanics, Klein-Gordon equation, Interpretation of negative energy states and concept of antiparticles; Dirac equation, covariant form, adjoint equation; Plane wave solution and momentum space, spinors; Spin and magnetic moment of the electron.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1, 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Seminar, Mid-semester examination, End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

· Quantum Mechanics (Vol-II), C. Cohen-Tannoudji, John Wiley & Sons, Asia, 2005.

· Advanced Quantum Mechanics, J. J. Sakurai, Pearson Education, 2007.

· Principles of Quantum Mechanics, R. Shankar, Springer, India, 2008.

References:

· Quantum Mechanics, L. I. Schiff, McGraw-Hill, 1968.

· Quantum Mechanics, E. Merzbacher, John Wiley, Asia, 1999.

· Quantum Mechanics, V.K. Thankappan, Wiley Eastern, 1985.

· The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol.3, R.P. Feynman, R.B. Leighton and M.Sands, Narosa Pub. House, 1992.

· The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, P.A.M. Dirac, Oxford Univ. Press, 1991.

· Quantum Mechanics-Nonrelativistic Theory, L.D.Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, 3rd Edition, Pergamon, 1981.

· Quantum Mechanics, B. H. Bransden and C. J. Joachain, Pearson Education 2nd Ed., 2004.

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2.

Course Code

PH4206

Departmental Elective – IV

Thin Film Technology

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3

Course Number

PH4206

Course Credit L-T-P-C

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Thin Film Technology

Learning Mode

Classroom Lectures

Learning Objectives

The science of technology involved behind growth, characterization and uses of Thin Film of various materials.

Course Description

Module-1 deals introduces to thin film and its importance. The physical processes behind growth of thin film is also discusses. Module-2 deals with the knowledge of vacuum technology which is relevant for growth of thin film. Module-3 discusses about various techniques for growth of thin film which makes use of vacuum technology also. Module-4 deals with various characterization methods of thin films, and lastly discusses about applications.

Course Outline

Module-1: Motivation; Structure, defects, thermodynamics of materials, mechanical kinetics and nucleation; grain growth and thin film morphology;

Module-2: Basics of Vacuum Science and Technology, Kinetic theory of gases; gas transport and pumping; vacuum pumps and systems; vacuum gauges; oil free pumping; aspects of chamber design from thin film growth perspectives;

Module-3: Various Thin film growth techniques with examples and limitations; Spin and dip coating; Langmuir Blodgett technique; Metal organic chemical vapor deposition; Electron Beam Deposition; Pulsed Laser deposition; DC, RF and Reactive Sputtering; Molecular beam epitaxy;

Module-4: Characterization of Thin films and surfaces; Thin Film processing from Devices and other applications perspective.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1a

Assessment Method

Quiz, Seminar, Mid-semsester examination, End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

· Materials Science of Thin Films Deposition and Structure, Milton Ohring.

· Thin Film Solar Cells, Chopra and Das.

· Thin Film Deposition: Principles and Practice, Donald Smith.

· Handbook of Thin Film Deposition (Materials and Processing Technology), Krishna Seshan

· Handbook of Physical Vapor Deposition, D. M. Mattox

Sl. No.

3.

Course Code

PH4209

Departmental Elective – IV

Solar Energy and Photovoltaics

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3

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3

Course Number

PH5132/PH5232 PH4209

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

2-1-0-3 3-0-0-3

Course Title

Solar Energy and Photovoltaics

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

Complies with program goal 1,2 and 3

Course Description

In this course, student will learn about solar spectrum, solar energy conversion, storage of energy for future use including how solar cell working principle.

Course Outline

Solar radiations as a source of energy and mechanism for its entrapment; Measurements and limits of solar energy entrapment; Flat plate collectors and solar concentrators; Solar energy for industrial process heat and design of solar green house; Solar refrigeration and conditioning; Solar thermo-mechanical power.

Introduction of energy storage/conversion devices, State-of-the art status of portable power sources, Solar/photovoltaic (PV) cells as a source of green energy; Fundamentals, Materials, Design and Implementation aspects of PV energy generation and consumption; Solar cell technologies (Si-wafer based, Thin film, GaAs based, dye-sensitized, PESC and organic solar cells), Efficiency of solar cells and PV array analysis, Photovoltaic system design (stand alone and grid connected) and applications; Balance of system (BOS) with emphasis on role of storage batteries; Cost analysis, Case study for performance evaluation and problem identification in wide-spread commercialization of the technology.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1, 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Seminar, Mid-semester examination, End-semester examination

Suggested Readings

Textbooks

· Solar Energy: Fundamentals & Applications; H. P. Garg and J. Prakash; Tata McGraw Hill, 1997.

· Fundamentals of Photovoltaic Modules and their Applications, G. N. Tiwari, S. Dubey & Julian C. R. Hunt, RSC Energy Series, 2009.

· Solar Photovoltaics: Fundamentals, Technologies and Applications, 2nd Ed., C. S. Solanki, Prentice Hall of India, 2011 (ISBN: 978-81-203-4386-6)

· Solar Cell Device Physics, Stephen Fonash, 2nd Ed., Academic Press, 2010 (ISBN: 978-0-12-374774-7).

References

· Energy Storage, R. A. Huggins, Springer, 2010.

· Handbook of Advanced Electronic and Photonic Materials and Devices: Ferroelectrics & Dielectrics, Vol. 10, H. S. Nalwa (Ed.), Academic Press, 2001.

· Electrochemical Nanotechnology, T. Osaka, M. Dutta, Y. S. Diamand (Eds.), Springer, 2010, (ISBN: 978-1-4419-1423-1).

· Encyclopedia of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Vol. 10, H. S. Nalwa (Ed.), American Scientific Publishers, 2004.

Sl. No.

4.

Course Code

PH4210

Departmental Elective – IV

Modeling Complex Systems

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3

Course Number

PH4210

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Modeling Complex Systems

Learning Mode

Lectures and Computational exercises

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This interdisciplinary course explores the practical application of modeling and simulation principles to complex systems. A complex system, characterized by interconnected or interwoven parts, can include biological organisms, ecological systems, economies, fluids, or strongly-correlated solids. The course draws from mathematics, nonlinear science, numerical simulations, and statistical physics. It begins with an overview of complex systems and then delves into modeling techniques using nonlinear differential equations, networks, and stochastic models. Throughout the course, students will model, program, and analyze a diverse range of complex systems, including dynamical and chaotic systems, cellular automata, and iterated functions. Through these, there will be ample scope for hands-on experience and a deeper understanding of complex systems emerging from elementary rules.

Course Content

Fundamentals of Modeling, A brief recap of Dynamical Systems; Discrete-Time Models: Modeling and Analysis; Continuous-Time Models: Modeling and Analysis; implications of bifurcation, chaos and catastrophe; interactive simulations of complex systems, cellular automata, continuous field models; basics of networks, small world network; dynamical networks: Modeling, Network topologiesand dynamics; Agent-based models; Examples including epidemiology, forest-fire, bioinformatics, message-passing, predator-prey, belief propagation, Hutchinson’s time-delay model, internet.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

1. Hiroki Sayama, Introduction to the Modeling and Analysis of Complex Systems, Open SUNY (2015).

2. Nino Boccara, Modeling Complex Systems, Springer-Verlag Reprint (2024).

References:

1. W. Krauth, Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations (Oxford Masters Series in Physics, 2006).

Sl. No.

5.

Course Code

PH4211

Departmental Elective – IV

AC Network Analysis

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3

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3

Course Number

PH4211

Course Credit

3-0-0-3

Course Title

AC Network Analysis

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

The course is focused on the application oriented knowledge that is required to analyze alternating current circuits whose frequency of operation is not as high as radio frequencies. The knowledge would be used to test and analyze various AC circuits.

Course Description

This course deals with development of skills that is required to analyze various AC circuits. The skills are not introduced abruptly but in a systematic manner. First, the course starts with fundamental knowledge on Network Transformations. Post that a section on Resonance in AC circuits is discussed. Lastly, the course ends with Impedance transformations in AC networks and methods to deal with coupled circuits, especially Transformer.

Course Outline

Module 1: Principle of duality, Reduction of complicated two port network to T and p equivalent circuits, Conversion between T and p sections, Bridged and Parallel T network, Reciprocity theorem, Compensation theorem, Maximum power transfer theorem, Transfer impedance, Matrix method for network calculations

Module 2: Definition of Q-factor, Series resonance and its bandwidth, Parallel resonance, Conditions for maximum impedance, Currents in anti-resonant circuit, Universal resonance curves, Bandwidth of anti-resonance circuit, Anti-resonance at all frequencies, Reactance curves

Module 3: Transformation of impedances, Reactance L section for impedance transformation, Image impedance and Everitt’s theorem, Reactance T network for impedance transformation, Coupled circuits, Equivalent T network for magnetically coupled circuit, Iron core transformer

Learning Outcome

AC circuit analysis is primarily composed of three modules, namely, Network Transformation which is covered in Module 1, Resonance which is covered in Module 2 and Impedance Transformation which is covered in Module 3. In Module 1, the student gets trained in the fundamentals. It is important that the student should pick-up well in the fundamentals. Therefore, special emphasis would be given in solving numerical problems. Module 2 and 3 widen the scope of AC circuit analysis technique. Application of the techniques learnt in these modules is of prime importance. Therefore, solving problems, based on the concept taught in the lecture, forms and essential part.

Assessment Method

Quiz, Assignments and Exams

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

1. John D. Ryder, Network Lines and Fields, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2002.

References:

1. M. B. Reed, Alternating-Current Circuits, Harper & Brothers, New York 1948.

2. W. R. LePage and S. Seelay, General Network Analysis, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, 1952.

3. W. L. Everitt, Communication Engineering, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, 1937.

Sl. No.

1.

Course Code

PH4212

Departmental Elective – V

X-ray and Applications

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3

Course Number

PH4212

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 3-0-0-3

Course Title

X-ray and Applications

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

The objectives of the course are to learn the X-ray mechanism, functions and applications of X-rays. The physics formulation and technological applications will be learned by the student. This will create opportunity to have a carrier in X-ray technology in both imaging and diffraction. More over the student will learn X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption and photoemission with their current applications.

Course Description

The course discusses the physical mechanism of X-ray and Matter interaction, production of X-ray techniques, etc. The use of X-ray in biophysics, condensed matter physics, medical physics, cultural heritage and environmental science.

Course Content

Module 1:

Introduction to X-ray physics, physical properties of x-rays, Macroscopic description of X-ray and material interaction, Microscopic description of interaction, Semi-classical theory of the interaction between radiation and hydrogen – like atoms, Fermi’s golden rule for transitions to discrete and continuum states, Selection rules, Production of X-rays.

Module 2:

X-ray applications: X-ray optics, X-ray microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray interference, X-ray Scattering, medical imaging, X-ray fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy, coherent diffraction imaging, industrial applications.

Module 3:

Synchrotron radiation: Sources of Synchrotron radiation, RF cavity, Beamlines and basics of x-ray optics, General characteristics of Synchrotron Radiation, Diffraction limit and Coherence lengths, industrial applications.

Module 4:

Photoemission spectroscopy: The Photoelectric effect, Experimental Setup, Theoretical Description, Primary and secondary structures occurring in the photoemission spectra, Photoelectron Spectroscopy of solids, Quantitative Analysis, Hard x-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Industrial applications

Module 5:

X-ray absorption fine structure, Phenomenology of X-ray absorption spectroscopy, experimental layouts, Physical origin of the fine structure (self-interference phenomenon), Golden rule and further approximations, Approximate derivation of EXAFS (Muffin-tin approximation for two atomic system), Correction terms for the EXAFS function and final relation, EXAFS data analysis and resulting structural parameters, XANES phenomenological description, Chemical shift of the absorption edge, Linear dichroism in XANES and EXAFS, Industrial applications.

Text Books:

1- J. Als – Nielsen and D. McMorrow, Introduction to Modern X-ray Physics, Wiley, New York, 2001.

2- A. Balerna and S. Mobilio, Introduction to Synchrotron Radiation, in “Synchrotron Radiation: Basics, Methods and Applications”, a cura di S. Mobilio, F. Boscherini e C. Meneghini, Springer (2015).

3- S. Hüfner, Photoelectron Spectroscopy – Principles and Applications, 3rd ed. (Berlin, Springer, 2003)

Reference Books:

4- P. Fornasini, Introduction to X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in “Synchrotron Radiation: Basics, Methods and Applications”, a cura di S. Mobilio, F. Boscherini e C. Meneghini, Springer (2015).

5- B. Bunker, Introduction to XAFS: a practical guide to X-ray absorption spectroscopy, Cambridge University Press (2010).

6- B.E. Warren, X-ray diffraction, Dover, New York, 1990.

7- S.J.L. Billinge e E.S. Bozin, Pair distribution function technique: principles and methods, in Diffraction at the nanoscale, a cura di A. Guagliardi & N. Masciocchi, Insubria University Press.

8- A. Guinier, X-ray diffraction in crystals, imperfect crystals, and amorphous bodies, Dover, New York, 1994.

9- C. Mariani e G. Stefani, Photoemission Spectroscopy: fundamental aspectsin “Synchrotron Radiation: Basics, Methods and Applications”, a cura di S. Mobilio, F. Boscherini e C. Meneghini, Springer (2015)

10- D. Attwood, Soft X-rays and extreme ultraviolet radiation, Cambridge University Press (1999).

Learning Outcome

Assessment Method

Sl. No.

2.

Course Code

PH4213

Departmental Elective – V

Materials Engineering

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3

Course Number

PH4213

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Materials Engineering

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

The objective of the course is to develop basic knowledge about how Materials engineering lies at the core of technological advancement. Materials Engineering is an interdisciplinary field focused on understanding, designing, and improving materials to meet engineering challenges. This course provides a comprehensive foundation in the structure, properties, processing, and performance of materials, bridging scientific principles with practical applications.

Students will explore a variety of materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, and advanced materials like nanomaterials and biomaterials, with an emphasis on their role in modern technology and industry.

Course Description

In beginning, overview of different material types will be discussed, followed by detailed insight how these materials are being used at present. The advancement in terms of their processing for modern technology and applications will be discussed.

Course Outline

Overview of material types: metals, ceramics & glasses, polymers, composites, Electronic Materials (Semiconductors, conductors, and insulators), Biomaterials (Materials used in medical implants and devices, Biocompatibility and degradation), Historical and modern advancements in materials engineering, Advanced materials (Nanomaterials, Materials for Energy Applications, Shape memory alloys).

Atomic structure and bonding, Crystallography and crystal structures, Defects in materials (vacancies, dislocations), Microstructure and its influence on properties, Phase diagrams and phase transformations.

Mechanical properties (strength, toughness, hardness, ductility, etc.). Thermal and electrical (conductivity, expansion)., magnetic, and optical properties, Corrosion and environmental degradation

Techniques for shaping and forming materials (casting, forging, 3D printing), Heat treatment and phase transformations. Coating and surface modification, Powder metallurgy and ceramics processing.

Criteria for selecting materials in engineering applications. Case studies in aerospace, automotive, electronics, and construction.

Nanomaterials and their applications. Biomaterials for medical devices and implants. Smart materials and responsive systems.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 2b, 3

Assessment Method

Quizzes, Mid-semester and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

· Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction by William D. Callister Jr. and David G. Rethwisch, 10th Ed., Wiley, 2020.

· Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering: An Integrated Approach by William D. Callister Jr. and David G. Rethwisch, 5th Ed., Wiley, 2007.

· Engineering Materials 1 & 2 by Michael F. Ashby and David R. H. Jones, 4th Ed., Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., 2012

· The Science and Engineering of Materials" by Donald R. Askeland and Wendelin J. Wright, 6th Ed., Cl-Engineering, 2010

Sl. No.

3.

Course Code

PH4214

Departmental Elective – V

Superconducting Qubits: Fundamentals and Operation

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3

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C

3

Course Number

PH4214

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Superconducting Qubits: Fundamentals and Operation

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

Equips the students with the fabrication techniques and operation intricacies of Superconducting Qubits with an eye on prospective applications

Course Content

Introduction to Superconducting Qubits: Overview of quantum computing, various physical qubits and the need for reliable qubits; Types of superconducting qubits (flux qubits, charge qubits, phase qubits, transmon qubits); Circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) and its relevance.

Quantum LC Circuits and Correspondence Principle: Classical LC circuits and their resonance behavior; Superconducting qubits as classical circuit elements in a quantum regime; Circuit QED approach for quantizing classical Hamiltonians.

Josephson Junctions and Charge Qubits: Cooper pairs and Josephson Junctions; Cooper pair box: Building blocks for charge qubits; Hamiltonian description of charge qubits based on tunneling and capacitance

Transmon Qubits: Introduction to transmon qubits; Nonlinear inductance and capacitor design; Energy-level spectra and tunability

Operation and Control of Superconducting Qubits: Initialization, manipulation, and readout of qubit states; Quantum gates (single-qubit and two-qubit gates); Decoherence and error correction

Applications and Challenges: Quantum algorithms and applications using superconducting qubits; Challenges in scaling up qubit numbers; Recent advancements and future prospects

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

· Daniel D. Stancil and Gregory T. Byrd, Principles of Superconducting Quantum Computers, Wiley (2022).

2. Alan Salari, Microwave Techniques in Superconducting Quantum Computers, Artech Books, UK (2024).

References:

1. Morten Kjaergaard et al. “Superconducting Qubits: Current State of Play”. In: Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 11.1 (Mar. 2020), pp. 369– 395. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050605; URL: http://dx .doi.org/10.1146/ annurev-conmatphys-031119-050605.

2. Steven M. Girvin. Circuit QED: Superconducting Qubits Coupled to Microwave Photons, Les Houches Summer School on Quantum Machines, Oxford University Press (2014).

Sl. No.

4.

Course Code

PH4215

Departmental Elective – V

Analytical Techniques

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3

Course Number

PH4215

Course Credit

(L-T-P-C) 3-0-0-3

Course Title

Analytical Techniques

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

Course Description

Syllabus not found for PH4215

Course Outline

Learning Outcome

Assessment Method

Suggested Readings:

Sl. No.

1.

Course Code

PH4216

Departmental Elective – VI

Computational Methods for Classical and Quantum Physics

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3

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0

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0

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3

Course Number

PH4216

Course Credit

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Computational methods for classical and quantum physics

Learning Objectives

To make students capable of solving specific advanced physics problems using the techniques developed in EP3101 (Computational Techniques).

Course Description

The student will learn computationally solving problems related to Quantum and Classical physics. The course has class room discussion which will be completed in computational lab by developing a code based on it.

Course Outline

Solving partial differential equations, Finite difference methods, Successive over-relaxation (SOR) method, Time dependent problems; The wave equation, Laplace equation, Traffic flow, Shock solution, Fluids, Solving the Schrodinger equation; One-Dimension, Higher dimensional Basic techniques, Quantum scattering, The variational principle, Time propagation, Central potentials, Multi-electron systems, The Hartree and Hartree-Fock approximations, Modelling Lithium atoms, Quantum dots.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1b, 3

Assessment Method

Mid-term written examination, Mid-term lab examination, End-term written examination, End-term lab examination, Assignment & Quiz

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

· J. Izaac and J. Wang, Computational Quantum Mechanics, Springer , 2022.

· J. Franklin, Computational Methods for Physics, Cambridge publications, 2013.

· J. M. Thijssen, Computational Physics, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2nd Edition, 2007.

· Tao Pang, An Introduction to Computational Physics, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2ndEdition, 2006.

· Steven E. Kooning and Dawn C. Meredith, Computational Physics, Westview Press, 1990.

· An Introduction to Computer Simulation Methods: Applications to Physical Systems, 3rdEdition, Harvey Gould, Jan Tobochnik, Wolfgang Christian, Addison-Wesley, 2006.

References:

· Rubin H. Landau, Manuel José Páez Mejía, Cristian C. Bordeianu, A Survey of Computational Physics: Introductory Computational Science, Volume 1, Princeton Univ. Press, 2008.

· Werner Krauth, Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations, Oxford Masters Series in Physics, 2006.

Sl. No.

2.

Course Code

PH4217

Departmental Elective – VI

LASER Technology

L

3

T

0

P

0

C

3

Course Number

PH4217

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

LASER Technology

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

The main objective is to learn various techniques used in building CW and pulsed lasers, different techniques developed based on lasers, and applications of lasers in various disciplines.

Course Description

This course allows engineering students to learn various techniques used in building CW and pulsed lasers, different techniques developed based on lasers, and applications of lasers in various disciplines, which are essential to pursuing research and scientific jobs in laser and relevant industries.

Course Outline

Principles of CW and Pulsed lasers, Laser modulation techniques, Different Q-switching and Mode-locking techniques, Laser amplifiers, Laser frequency stabilization techniques, Laser tuning techniques, Mode-selection methods, Harmonic generations, Non-linear optical methods, Raman lasers, Micro and Nanolasers.

Laser remote sensing of the atmosphere, Photosensitization, Photodynamic therapy, Optical tweezers, Laser cleaning, Laser satellite communications, Laser cooling, Optical atomic clock, Laser pyrolysis, Laser micromachining, Laser 3D printing, High precision laser wavelength meters, Laser ablation techniques, Dynamic light scattering, Data storage, Fabrication of photonic crystals, Single molecule laser fluorescence and Raman microscopy, Photoacoustic imaging, Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) imaging, Ultrasensitive Optical biosensors.

Learning Outcome

The students will be fully aware of various techniques used in building CW and pulsed lasers, different techniques developed based on lasers, and applications of lasers in various disciplines.

Assessment Method

Suggested Readings:

Sl. No.

3.

Course Code

PH4218

Departmental Elective – VI

Atomtronics & Quantum Technology

L

3

T

0

P

0

C

3

Course Number

PH4218

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Atomtronics & Quantum Technology

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

Course Description

Course Outline

Learning Outcome

Assessment Method

Suggested Readings:

Sl. No.

4.

Course Code

PH4219

Departmental Elective – VI

Nanoscale Devices

L

3

T

0

P

0

C

3

Course Number

PH4219

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Nanoscale Devices

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

Course Description

Course Outline

Learning Outcome

Assessment Method

Suggested Readings:

Sl. No.

1.

Course Code

PH4216

Departmental Elective – VII

Computational Methods for Classical and Quantum Physics

L

3

T

0

P

0

C

3

Course Number

PH4216

Course Credit

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Computational methods for classical and quantum physics

Learning Objectives

To make students capable of solving specific advanced physics problems using the techniques developed in EP3101 (Computational Techniques).

Course Description

The student will learn computationally solving problems related to Quantum and Classical physics. The course has class room discussion which will be completed in computational lab by developing a code based on it.

Course Outline

Solving partial differential equations, Finite difference methods, Successive over-relaxation (SOR) method, Time dependent problems; The wave equation, Laplace equation, Traffic flow, Shock solution, Fluids, Solving the Schrodinger equation; One-Dimension, Higher dimensional Basic techniques, Quantum scattering, The variational principle, Time propagation, Central potentials, Multi-electron systems, The Hartree and Hartree-Fock approximations, Modelling Lithium atoms, Quantum dots.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1b, 3

Assessment Method

Mid-term written examination, Mid-term lab examination, End-term written examination, End-term lab examination, Assignment & Quiz

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

· J. Izaac and J. Wang, Computational Quantum Mechanics, Springer , 2022.

· J. Franklin, Computational Methods for Physics, Cambridge publications, 2013.

· J. M. Thijssen, Computational Physics, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2nd Edition, 2007.

· Tao Pang, An Introduction to Computational Physics, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2ndEdition, 2006.

· Steven E. Kooning and Dawn C. Meredith, Computational Physics, Westview Press, 1990.

· An Introduction to Computer Simulation Methods: Applications to Physical Systems, 3rdEdition, Harvey Gould, Jan Tobochnik, Wolfgang Christian, Addison-Wesley, 2006.

References:

· Rubin H. Landau, Manuel José Páez Mejía, Cristian C. Bordeianu, A Survey of Computational Physics: Introductory Computational Science, Volume 1, Princeton Univ. Press, 2008.

· Werner Krauth, Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations, Oxford Masters Series in Physics, 2006.

Sl. No.

2.

Course Code

PH4217

Departmental Elective – VII

LASER Technology

L

3

T

0

P

0

C

3

Course Number

PH4217

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

LASER Technology

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

The main objective is to learn various techniques used in building CW and pulsed lasers, different techniques developed based on lasers, and applications of lasers in various disciplines.

Course Description

This course allows engineering students to learn various techniques used in building CW and pulsed lasers, different techniques developed based on lasers, and applications of lasers in various disciplines, which are essential to pursuing research and scientific jobs in laser and relevant industries.

Course Outline

Principles of CW and Pulsed lasers, Laser modulation techniques, Different Q-switching and Mode-locking techniques, Laser amplifiers, Laser frequency stabilization techniques, Laser tuning techniques, Mode-selection methods, Harmonic generations, Non-linear optical methods, Raman lasers, Micro and Nanolasers.

Laser remote sensing of the atmosphere, Photosensitization, Photodynamic therapy, Optical tweezers, Laser cleaning, Laser satellite communications, Laser cooling, Optical atomic clock, Laser pyrolysis, Laser micromachining, Laser 3D printing, High precision laser wavelength meters, Laser ablation techniques, Dynamic light scattering, Data storage, Fabrication of photonic crystals, Single molecule laser fluorescence and Raman microscopy, Photoacoustic imaging, Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) imaging, Ultrasensitive Optical biosensors.

Learning Outcome

The students will be fully aware of various techniques used in building CW and pulsed lasers, different techniques developed based on lasers, and applications of lasers in various disciplines.

Assessment Method

Suggested Readings:

Sl. No.

3.

Course Code

PH4218

Departmental Elective – VII

Atomtronics & Quantum Technology

L

3

T

0

P

0

C

3

Course Number

PH4218

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Atomtronics & Quantum Technology

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

Course Description

Course Outline

Learning Outcome

Assessment Method

Suggested Readings:

Sl. No.

4.

Course Code

PH4219

Departmental Elective – VII

Nanoscale Devices

L

3

T

0

P

0

C

3

Course Number

PH4219

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Nanoscale Devices

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

Course Description

Course Outline

Learning Outcome

Assessment Method

Suggested Readings:

Content for Project – II will go here

Content is not provided.

Course Number

PH3201

Course Credit

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Engineering Optics

Learning Mode

Lectures and Assignments

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1,2 and 3

Course Description

This course introduces students various optical systems, optical devices needed for various engineering applications in the field of Optics and modern cutting edge technology

Course Outline

Lens systems: Basics and concepts of lens design, some lens systems.

Optical components: Reflective, refractive and diffractive systems; Mirrors, prisms, gratings, filters, polarizing components.

Interferometric systems: Two beam, multiple beam, shearing, scatter fringe and polarization interferometers.

Vision Optics: Eye and vision, colorimetry basics.

Optical sources: Incandescent, fluorescent, discharge lamps, Light emitting diode.

Optical detectors: Photographic emulsion, thermal detectors, photodiodes, photomultiplier tubes, detector arrays, Charge-coupled device, CMOS.

Optical Systems: Telescopes, microscopes (bright field, dark field, confocal, phase contrast, digital holographic), projection systems, interferometers, spectrometers.

Display devices: Cathode ray tube, Liquid crystal display, Liquid crystals on silicon, Digital light processing, Digital micro-mirror device, Gas plasma, LED display, Organic led displays (OLED).

Consumer devices: Optical disc drives: CD, DVD; laser printer, photocopier, cameras, image intensifiers.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. R. S. Longhurst, Geometrical and Physical Optics, 3rd ed., Orient Longman, 1988.

2. R. E. Fischer, B. Tadic-Galeb, and P. R. Yoder, Optical System Design, 2nd ed., SPIE Press, 2008.

Reference Books:

1. W. J. Smith, Modern Optical Engineering, 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 2000.

2. K. Iizuka, Engineering Optics, Springer, 2008.

3. B. H. Walker, Optical Engineering Fundamentals, SPIE Press, 1995.

Course Number

PH3202

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Cryogenic Engineering

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

Equips the students with the techniques in Cryogenic Engineering and allows them to apply these techniques in both research and industrial scenarios

Course Content

Introduction to cryogenic engineering and its scope; components of a typical cryogenic systems; physical properties of cryogenic fluids such as nitrogen, helium and hydrogen including their extraction, purification, regeneration, safe storage and transfer; sensors at cryogenic temperatures; cryogenic heat transfer; cryocooler systems for refrigeration and liquefaction; elements of cryogenic system design and instrumentation; low heat leak structural supports, thermal mass considerations, thermal insulation systems, liquefaction/refrigeration of cryogens; Stirling, Claude and related cycles, recovery and storage, cryogenic heat exchangers, instrumentation for cryogenics including compressors, pumps, expansion engines and turbine mechanisms; safety features in cryogenic systems; design considerations for cryogenic systems for applications including CCR, MRI, NMR, accelerators, adiabatic demagnetization and dilution refrigerators, and cryogenic engines.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(b) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

1. Randall Barron, Cryogenic Systems, 2nd Edition (1985).

2. Thomas M. Flynn, Cryogenic Engineering, New York, NY: Marcel Dekker USA, 2nd Edition (2005).

References:

1. Zuyu Zhao and Chao Wang, Cryogenic Engineering and Technologies, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis USA (2020).

2. Frank Pobell, Matters and Methods at Low Temperature, 3rd Edition, Springer (2007)

Course Number

PH3203

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Advanced Quantum Mechanics

Learning Mode

Lectures & Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

In this course students will learn time dependent perturbation theory, scattering theory and relativistic quantum mechanics.

Course Content

Time dependent perturbation theory, interaction picture; Einstein's coefficients, spontaneous and stimulated emission and absorption, application to lasers;

Semi-classical and quantum theories of light-matter interactions;

Scattering theory: Laboratory and centre of mass frames, differential and total scattering cross-sections, scattering amplitude; Born approximation, Partial wave analysis;

Theory of open quantum system, density matrix, Markovian master equation; Quantum wave packet dynamics; Quantum Information;

Symmetries in quantum mechanics: Conservation laws, and degeneracy associated with symmetries; Continuous symmetries, space and time translations, rotations; Rotation group; Discrete symmetries; parity, charge and time reversal;

Relativistic quantum mechanics, Concept of antiparticles; Dirac equation, covariant form, Plane wave solution and momentum space, spinors; Spin and magnetic moment of the electron.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1, 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Seminar, Mid-semester examination, End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

1. C. Cohen-Tannoudji, Quantum Mechanics (Vol-I and II), John Wiley & Sons (Asia), 2005.

2. L. I. Schiff, Quantum Mechanics, McGraw-Hill, 1968.

3. J. J. Sakurai, Advanced Quantum Mechanics, Pearson Education, 2007.

4. J. J. Sakurai, Modern Quantum Mechanics, Pearson Education, 2002.

5. R. Shankar, Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Springer (India), 2008.

6. Heinz-Peter Breuer, Francesco Petruccione, Theory of Open Quantum Systems, Oxford University Press, 2003.

Reference Books:

7. B. H. Bransden and C. J. Joachain, Quantum Mechanics, Parson Education 2nd Ed, 2004.

8. E. Merzbacher, Quantum Mechanics, John Wiley (Asia), 1999.

9. V.K. Thankappan, Quantum Mechanics, Wiley Eastern, 1985.

10. R.P. Feynman, R.B. Leighton and M.Sands, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol.3, Narosa Publication House, 1992.

11. P.A.M. Dirac, The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, Oxford University Press, 1991.

12. L.D.Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Quantum Mechanics -Nonrelativistic Theory, 3rd Ed, Pergamon, 1981.

Course Number

PH3204

Course Credit

L – T – P : 3 – 1-0-4

Course Title

Power Sources for Electric Vehicles

Learning Mode

Physical Presence in Class Room

Learning Objectives

This course is highly relevant and industry demand driven contents in the emerging are of clean and green technology to reduce carbon foot print and bring transformation with “zero emission” transport system. It aims to impart a comprehensive training and skill pertaining to;

1. energy storage technologies from ab initio storage cells to current state of developments.

2. concept, design, fabrication and testing protocol of energy and power cells for EV applications.

3. bridge the technological gap with adequate skill focused content to fulfil the emerging need of competent workforce for EV industry.

Course Outline

Module-1: Power generation for transport with focus on zero emissions, an overview of electric vehicles and their power requirements, battery powered electric vehicles (EVs), performance criteria for EV batteries, laboratory testing protocols for EV batteries

Module-2: Vehicle mechanics and power requirements, energy storage cell fundamentals, batteries, fly wheels and super capacitors, cell design and customization approach for cell voltage and current modification, cell and battery modelling for rated power requirement and design.

Module-3: Concepts of super capacitors as a storage cell with large power delivery, supercapacitor classification, design, fabrication, testing and applications, advantage and challenges in integration of a super capacitor with battery and possible alternatives.

Module-4: Design of a battery pack for EV application, operational safety challenges and need for thermal management and battery management systems (BMS), Safety considerations and protocols for battery pack development in EVs with case study for e-cycle, e-bike, 3-wheelers.

Learning Outcome

Learners of the course will be able upskill their knowledge and skill to fulfil emergent need of rapidly expanding electric vehicle (EV) industry.

Assessment Method

Class test and Quiz/Assignment (20%), MSE: (30%), ESE: (50%)

Suggested Readings:

1. Batteries for Electric Vehicles, D.A.J. Rand, R. Woods, R.M. Dell., John Wiley & Sons Inc.

2. Electric and Hybrid Vehicles: Design Fundamentals, Iqbal Husain, CRC Press

3. Electric Vehicle Technology Explained, James Larmenier, John Lowry, John Wiley & Sons

Course Number

PH3205

Course Credit

3–0–0–3

Course Title

Engineering Electromagnetics

Learning Mode

Class lectures, tutorials, assignments, discussions.

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This course builds upon advanced engineering topics in electromagnetics, with focus on cutting edge engineering applications.

Course Outline

Review of Electromagnetic theory, wave guides and resonant cavities, rectangular and cylindrical waveguides. dielectric and surface waveguides, Multimode propagation in optical fibers, Introduction to radiating systems, localized oscillating source, dipole fields and radiation, Monopole and dipole antennas, Antenna arrays. Yagi, Horn, Parabola, micro strip and patch antennas, Microwave cavities. Scattering matrix, S parameters, reciprocity, coupling energy to a waveguide, Microwave components: Gunn, impatt and varacter diodes, etc and their use in designing RF circuits, Practical RF circuit design, Frequency-independent antennas, log-periodic antennas, spiral antennas. RF-Id systems, Studies of RF circuits in mobile phones and satellite communications.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination.

Course Number

PH3206

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Laser Physics

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2a and 3

Course Description

Create understanding of basic light-matter interactions, design, and construction of laser. Learn expertise in usage and safety of laser. Acquire understanding of component of lasers and pulsing methodology.

Course Content

Introduction to laser physics; Light-matter Interaction; Semiclassical theory, Wave and quantum properties of light, Spontaneous and stimulated emissions, Einstein’s coefficients. Line shape function, Line broadening: Homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening, natural, Doppler and collisional broadening.

Light amplification; Optical saturation, Population inversion, Optical pumping, Rate Equations; 2-level, 3-level and 4-level lasers, Laser action (gain, threshold, power, frequency), Gain saturation, Optimal conditions for laser operation; Laser saturation,

Optical Resonator: Longitudinal and transverse laser cavity modes, cavity loss, Q-factor, ABCD matrix, Stable and unstable resonator, Properties of Gaussian Beam and propagation.

Laser Pulsing: Hole Burning; Q-Switching; Mode Locking; Single Mode Lasers; Ultrafast laser systems, linear and nonlinear pulse propagation

Types of Lasers: He-Ne Laser; Nd-YAG Laser; Solid-state laser, Gas Laser Dye Laser, Excimer Laser; Semiconductor Laser; Tuneable Lasers, Supercontinuum Laser, Fiber Lasers

Laser Safety and applications:

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1, 2a and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Presentation, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

1. Optical Electronics, Ajoy Ghatak and K.Thyagarajan, CUP, 2003.

2. Photonics, Amnon Yariv and Pochi Yeh, 6 th ed., OUP, 2009.

3. Fundamentals of Photonics, B.E.A.Saleh and M.C.Teich, 2 nd ed., Wiley Interscience, 2007.

4. W. T. Silfvast, Laser Fundamentals, Cambridge University Press

Course Number

PH3207

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

2-1-0-3

Course Title

Advanced Mathematical Methods

Learning Mode

Lectures & Tutorials

Learning Objectives

The purpose of the course is to introduce students to methods of mathematical physics and to develop required mathematical skills to solve problems in quantum mechanics, electrodynamics and other advanced courses in physics.

Course Description

The course offers detailed study on group theory and advanced numerical techniques. Group theory plays an important role in particle physics. Numerical techniques are handy in solving several advanced physics and engineering problems.

Course Outline

Module A: Group Theory: Definition, Subgroups, Classes and Examples, Group representations (regular and product; reducible and irreducible), Characters, Physical applications, Infinite groups; Lie groups and Lie algebra, Generators: Representations of Z2, SU(1,1), SU(2), SU(3) and SO(3). Integral Equations: Generating functions, Newmann series.

Module B: Numerical Optimisation:- Newton's method, Golden section search, Conjugate gradient method. Linear Programming, Simplex Method; Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations:- Difference Equation, Crank-Nicolson method, Split operator technique; Eigen value problems:- Jacobi transformation Fourier Transform:- Discrete Fourier Transform and Fast Fourier Transform in two or more dimensions; Engineering applications.

Learning Outcome

PLO 1b, 3

Assessment Method

Mid-semester examination, End-semester examination, Quiz & Assignments

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

• George B. Arfken and Hans J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, Academic Press Inc., 4th Edition, 1995.

• E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley India, 8th Edition, 2008.

• M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegan, Mandbook of Mathematical Functions, Dover Publs., INC., New York, 1965.

References:

• R.V. Churchill and J.W. Brown: Complex Variables and Applications.

• A. Zee: Group Theory in a Nutshell for Physicists, Princeton University Press, 2016.

Course Number

PH3208

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Electron Microscopy

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

The objective of the course is to introduce the student to the electron microscopy and its utilization in modern technology. The students will learn about the electron-matter interaction, working principle of electron microscopes. The principle of electron optics and its use will be learned by the students. The opportunity in electron microscopy area will be known to the student.

Course Description

The course discusses different kinds of electron microscopy and electron spectroscopy. Analysis of TEM and SEM image, electron diffraction pattern, X-ray spectra analysis and, their applications in industry will be covered in this course.

Course Content

Module 1:

Introduction to Microscopy, Limitations of the Human Eye, Optic, The X-ray Microscope, Electron Microscope, Low-Energy and Photoelectron Microscopes, Atom-Probe Microscopy.

Module 2:

Electron Sources, safety and precautions, Electron optics, electromagnetic lenses, Comparison of Magnetic and Electrostatic Lenses, Aberration Correctors and Monochromators, Electron and matter interaction, Scattering and diffraction, reciprocal space, Bloch waves, Diffraction from crystal, diffraction from small volume, elastic and inelastic scattering, absorption, dispersion, polarization, reflection, Imaging with Electrons, radiation damage, electron tomography, electron holography.

Module 3:

Transmission Electron Microscopy: Instrument, holders, lenses, cameras, apertures and resolution, imaging, amplitude contrast, phase contrast, bending effect, planer defects, bright field imaging, dark field imaging, high resolution imaging, Scanning transmission electron microscopy, image simulation and image analysis,

Spectroscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, qualitative and quantitative X-ray analysis, electron energy loss spectroscopy and images, fine structure, diffraction pattern, indexing diffraction pattern, specimen (hard, soft, powder, ad biological) preparation, Industrial applications.

Module 4:

Scanning Electron Microscopy: Instrument, holders, lenses, apertures, resolution, Electron detectors, Back scattered electron, Secondary electron, Auger electron, imaging, Auger electron spectroscopy. Augur electron microscopy, image simulation and image analysis,

Spectroscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, qualitative and quantitative X-ray analysis, EBSD, diffraction pattern and analysis, specimen preparation, Industrial applications.

Learning Outcome

The student will introduce himself/herself to the electron microscopy. The industrial applications of electron microscopy will be known. There are lots of opportunity in electron microscopy as it is a modern technique and it has lots of industrial applications. Hence, the students can take the job in the electron microscopy industries or they can make entrepreneur for supporting to the electron microscopy industries.

Assessment Method

Assignments, mini projects, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination, and End-semester examination.

Suggested Readings:

Textbooks:

1. Physical Principles of Electron Microscopy, Ray F. Egerton, springer, 2005, New York

2. Scanning Electron Microscopy, Ludwig Reimer, springer, 1998, New York,

3. Transmission Electron Microscopy, David B. Williams, C. Barry Carter, springer, 2009

References:

1. Electron Microscopy: Principles and Fundamentals, S. Amelinckx (Editor), Dirk van Dyck (Editor), J. van Landuyt (Editor), Gustaaf van Tendeloo (Editor), Wiley, 2007.

2. Electron Microscopy Methods and Protocols, John Kuo, Springer, 2014.

3. The principles and Practice of Electron Microscopy, Ian M. Watt, Cambridge University Press, 1997.

Course Number

PH3209

Course Title

Quantum Computation

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

2-1-0-3

Learning Mode

Lectures & Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Quantum Computing is one of the fastest growing topics for research, development and industry. A number of insightful questions arise in the mind of students, such as - what is quantum computer? Why is it required? How does it look like? How can these be implemented? When will we get quantum computer for personal use? – etc. This course is intended to provide answers to all these questions in the level of undergraduate students.

Course Contents

Fundamental idea of quantum computing: Moore’s Law; Operators and matrices: Pauli matrices, inner, outer and tensor products, Unitarity;

(2 lectures+1 tutorial)

Quantum nonlocal superposition; Quantum entanglement; Basics of quantum measurements (General, Projective, POVM); From Bits to Qubits with examples, Bloch sphere, Single and multiple qubit logic gates, Universal quantum gates; Basic quantum circuits, Quantum Teleportation protocol; Quantum Fourier Transform, Quantum phase estimation, Factorization algorithm;

(8 lectures+4 tutorials)

Relevant knowledge of Quantum Optics & Quantum information; Physical realizations of Quantum computers: quantized harmonic oscillator; Density operator, ensemble of quantum states;

(5 lectures+2 tutorials)

Fundamentals of various quantum computers: semiconductor based quantum computer, photonic based quantum computer, cold- and ultracold-atom based quantum computers, use of cavity-QED;

(7 lectures+3 tutorials)

Applications of quantum computing in other fields: ideas of quantum communication & quantum security etc; Practical examples with Quantum Simulators; AI and Quantum computing; State-of-the-art quantum computation and Future outlook.

(8 lectures+4 tutorials)

Learning Outcome

The course will build up the basic foundation required for knowing the working of a quantum computer, quantum information processing through quantum circuits, examples with well-known quantum algorithms, various quantum computers, important applications and future outlook. The students will also be given overview of the Indian and global companies and their contributions in quantum computing. It will impart the motivation to students for further applying their knowledge to the progress of the field in both R&D and industry.

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, MSE and ESE

Suggested readings

Textbooks:

• Quantum Computation and Quantum Information, M. A. Nielsen and I. L. Chuang, Cambridge University Press, South Asian Edition, 10th Edition.

• An Introduction to Quantum Computing, Phillip Kaye, R. Laflamme, M. Mosca, Oxford University Press, 2007.

• Preskill, John. Lecture notes for physics 229: Quantum information and computation. California Institute of Technology 16.1 (1998): 1-8.

• Nakahara, Mikio, and Tetsuo Ohmi. Quantum computing: from linear algebra to physical realizations. CRC press, 2008.

• Mermin, N. David. Quantum computer science: an introduction. Cambridge University Press, 2007.

References:

• Quantum Supremacy, Michio Kaku, Allen Lane-Penguin publisher, 2023.

• McMahon, David. Quantum computing explained. John Wiley & Sons, 2007.

• Riley Tipton Perry, Quantum Computing from the Ground Up, World Scientific Publishing Ltd (2012).

• Scott Aaronson, Quantum Computing since Democritus, Cambridge, 2013.

• Bouwmeester, D., Ekert, A. and Zeilinger, A., (2000), The Physics of Quantum Information, Reprint edition, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

• Barenco, Adriano, et al. Elementary gates for quantum computation. Physical review A 52.5 (1995): 3457.

• Quantum Computing: Lecture Notes, Ronald de Wolf, QuSoft, CWI and University of Amsterdam, arXiv:1907.09415v3, 2022.

Course Number

PH3210

Course Credit

2-1-0-3

Course Title

Device Modeling and Design

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This course provides detailed theoretical overview of Device Modeling and Design

Course Outline

Crystal structure-Unit cell and Miller Indices

Reciprocal Space, Doping, Band Structure, Effective Mass, Density of states, Distribution Function, and carrier concentration calculation, Carrier transport, Mobility and diffusivity, continuity equation, Poisson’s equation, Semiclassical transport, carrier density equation, current density equation

p-n junction, Metal-semiconductor junction, BJT, Heterojunction, Schottky junctions, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, JFET, Capacitor-Voltage Characteristics,

Boltzmann Transport Equation (BTE), Relaxation-Time Approximation (RTA), Scattering and Mobility. Drift-Diffusion Model Derivation and dielectric relaxation time

Generation and Recombination models, Derivation of SRH model, Boundary conditions, Gummel’s Iteration Method and Newton’s Method, As extension of DD model, Carrier Balance, Energy balance and momentum balance Equations, Direct solution scheme through Monte Carlo simulations, Models for DD, Hydrodynamic simulations, Mobility and G-R models,

Introduction to Silvaco ATLAS (device) and ATHENA (process) simulation framework. Simulator syntax, Numerical method choice, TCAD tools, MixedMode simulation,

Basics of semiconductor processing, Si-Based Nanoelectronics and Device Scaling, scaling implications, short channel effects, effective channel length, effects of channel length and width on threshold voltage, Compact models for MOSFET and their implementation in SPICE. MOS model parameters in SPICE.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1a. 1b. 2a and 3a

Assessment Method

Quiz, Assignments and Exams

Course Number

PH4106

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Science and Technology of Nanomaterials

Syllabus not available for PH4106

Course Number

PH4107

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Optical Quantum Communication

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This course provides engineering students to learn modern cutting edge optical quantum communication techniques which are very essential to pursue for advanced research and scientific jobs in the area of quantum communication and engineering applications. The course will also examine current research trends and potential future developments in the field of optical quantum communication.

Course Content

classical v/s quantum information, quantum bits (qubits) and quantum gates, quantum entanglement and its properties, single-photon sources, entangled photon sources, photons as information carriers, polarization qubits, qubit generation and propagation, Bell state measurements, quantum repeaters, various protocols for quantum memory and its efficiency, implementation of quantum memory nodes, long distance quantum communication using quantum repeaters, quantum networks, multi-node quantum communication, ground-based and space-based quantum networks, entanglement distribution and quantum internet, Recent progress in quantum photonic chips for quantum communication and internet.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(b) and 3

Assessment Method

Exams, Quiz and Assignment

Text Books:

1. Gianfranco Cariolaro,Quantum Communications, Springer (2015).

2. P. Kok and B. W. Lovett, Introduction to Optical Quantum Information Processing, Cambridge university press.

3. Peter Lambropoulos, David Petrosyan, Fundamentals of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Springer (2007)

4. Ivan B. Djordjevic, Quantum Communication, Quantum Networks, and Quantum Sensing, Elsevier (2022)

Reference Books:

1. L. Mandel, and E. Wolf. Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics, Cambridge University Press.

2. W. H. Louisell, Quantum Statistical Properties of Radiation, McGraw-Hill.

3. D. Bouwmeester, A. K. Ekert, and A. Zeilinger, eds. The Physics of Quantum Information, Springer

4. Serge Haroche, Jean-Michel Raimond, Exploring the Quantum: Atoms, Cavities, and Photons, Oxford Academic (2006)

Course Number

PH4108

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Photovoltaics: Concepts and Applications

Learning Mode

Physical Presence in Class Room

Learning Objectives

Alternative energy sources have always been a core area of significant importance since long. Recent focus on harnessing natural energy from the Sun, has necessitated teaching of relevant course at undergraduate level to create talent pool to meet industry demand. It aims to impart;

1. Knowledge pertaining to solar energy harnessing conditions

2. Learning relevant to physics of photovoltaic cells.

3. Training and skill relevant for design, processing, fabrication, testing and installation of photovoltaic cells, i.e.; end to end industry skill.

Course Content

Module-1: An introduction to different sources of energy with its implications and alternative solutions, energy balance of the Sun and optimal conditions for harnessing solar energy, efficient design to entrap solar energy, a state of-the-art review of solar photovoltaic cells.

Module-2: Semiconductor fundamentals, drift, diffusion and charge transport, photon emission and absorption, PN junction design and control parameters, Junction solar cell configuration – design, fabrication, analysis and efficiency improvement considerations for efficient solar cells.

Module-3: Silicon based solar cell technology - monocrystalline, polycrystalline, amorphous and thin film Si solar cells, Process form sand to Silicon and Silicon to Wafer, Cell design and fabrication process, Multi-junction Si solar cells.

Module-4: Non-Si solar cell technology, its challenges and advancements, an introduction to protocols for solar cell installation.

Learning Outcome

The learners of the course would be ready with knowledge to; (a) harness solar energy and technologically competent to implement the technology and (b) fulfil emerging industry and R & D institution demand for technologically skilled workforce.

Assessment Method

Class test and Quiz/Assignment (20%), MSE: (30%), ESE: (50%)

Text Books:

1. Solar Photovoltaics: Fundamentals, Technologies and Applications (2nd ed.), C. S. Solanki, Prentice Hall of India

2. Solar Cell Device Physics, Stephen Fonash (2nd ed.), Academic Press

3. Principles of Solar Cells, LEDs and Diodes, Adrian Kitai, Wiley

Reference Books:

Reference books not provided in the input.

Course Number

PH4109

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Electronic Devices and Circuits

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

To pick-up skills for circuit analysis that uses Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT), Operational Amplifiers (OPAMP) and Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET).

Course Description

The course is focused on techniques used for analysis of various circuits that use electronic devices. The course is composed of three modules, namely, BJT, OPAMP and MOSFETs. The first module revolves around circuits that use discrete BJT as an amplifier. The second module introduces OPAMPs which are based on BJT. A wide variety of linear and non-linear applications of OPAMPs are discussed. The last module discusses various circuits of MOSFETs.

Course Content

Module 1: Introduction to re-model of BJT, Analysis of CE, CB and CC configuration using re model; Introduction to h-parameter model of BJT, Analysis of CE, CB and CC configuration using h-parameter model;

Module 2: Introduction to Differential Amplifier using BJT; Introduction to OPAMP, AC equivalent circuit of OPAMP (real and ideal);

Various linear applications of OPAMP  Inverting amplifier (AMP), Non-inverting AMP, Summing AMP, Difference AMP, Unity follower, Positive and Negative voltage references, Voltage regulator, Howland Current source, etc.; Active filters  First-order & Second-order low-pass and high-pass Butterworth filter, All-pass filter, Band-pass and Band-reject filter, Notch filter; Basics of Oscillator, Wien-Bridge Oscillator, Phase-Shift Oscillator, Quadrature Oscillator, Square-wave, Triangular-wave and Sawtooth-wave generator, VCO.

Various non-linear applications of OPAMP  Basics of Comparator, Zero crossing detector, Schmitt Trigger; Log AMP & Anti-log AMP.

Module 3: MOSFET circuit at DC, MOSFET as an amplifier, Biasing in MOS AMP circuits: Biasing by fixing VGS with and without resistance in the Source, Biasing using drain-to-gate feedback resistor, Biasing using constant current source, DC bias point in small signal operation; Introduction to small signal AC equivalent circuit with and without channel length modulation effect, T-equivalent circuit model, Characteristics parameter of single stage MOS AMP, CS amplifier with and without source resistance, CG amplifier and CD amplifier.

Learning Outcome

Students get to know the following:

(a) Basics of circuit analysis

(b) Circuit analysis skill for single stage low frequency BJT amplifier in various configurations

(c) Circuit analysis skill for a wide variety of OP-AMP circuits that encompasses both linear and non-linear applications

(d) Circuit analysis skill for single stage low frequency MOS amplifier in various configurations

Assessment Method

Quiz, Assignments and Exams

Text Books:

Textbooks not provided in the input.

Reference Books:

Reference books not provided in the input.

Course Number

PH4205

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

2-1-0-3

Course Title

Quantum Mechanics-II

Learning Mode

Lectures & Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

In this course students will learn time dependent perturbation theory, scattering theory and relativistic quantum mechanics.

Course Content

Time dependent perturbation theory, Schrödinger, Heisenberg and interaction pictures.; Constant and harmonic perturbations Fermi's Golden rule;

Scattering theory: Laboratory and centre of mass frames, differential and total scattering cross-sections, scattering amplitude; Born approximation, Greens functions, scattering for different kinds of potentials; Partial wave analysis; Special topics in radiation theory: semi-classical treatment of interaction of radiation with matter

Symmetries in quantum mechanics: Conservation laws and degeneracy associated with symmetries; Continuous symmetries, space and time translations, rotations; Rotation group, Wigner-Eckart theorem; Discrete symmetries; parity and time reversal.

Relativistic quantum mechanics, Klein-Gordon equation, Interpretation of negative energy states and concept of antiparticles; Dirac equation, covariant form, adjoint equation; Plane wave solution and momentum space, spinors; Spin and magnetic moment of the electron.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1, 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Seminar, Mid-semester examination, End-semester examination

Text Books:

1. Quantum Mechanics (Vol-II), C. Cohen-Tannoudji, John Wiley & Sons, Asia, 2005.

2. Advanced Quantum Mechanics, J. J. Sakurai, Pearson Education, 2007.

3. Principles of Quantum Mechanics, R. Shankar, Springer, India, 2008.

Reference Books:

1. Quantum Mechanics, L. I. Schiff, McGraw-Hill, 1968.

2. Quantum Mechanics, E. Merzbacher, John Wiley, Asia, 1999.

3. Quantum Mechanics, V.K. Thankappan, Wiley Eastern, 1985.

4. The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol.3, R.P. Feynman, R.B. Leighton and M.Sands, Narosa Pub. House, 1992.

5. The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, P.A.M. Dirac, Oxford Univ. Press, 1991.

6. Quantum Mechanics-Nonrelativistic Theory, L.D.Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, 3rd Edition, Pergamon, 1981.

7. Quantum Mechanics, B. H. Bransden and C. J. Joachain, Pearson Education 2nd Ed., 2004.

Course Number

PH4206

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Thin Film Technology

Learning Mode

Classroom Lectures

Learning Objectives

The science of technology involved behind growth, characterization and uses of Thin Film of various materials.

Course Description

Module-1 deals introduces to thin film and its importance. The physical processes behind growth of thin film is also discusses. Module-2 deals with the knowledge of vacuum technology which is relevant for growth of thin film. Module-3 discusses about various techniques for growth of thin film which makes use of vacuum technology also. Module-4 deals with various characterization methods of thin films, and lastly discusses about applications.

Course Content

Module-1: Motivation; Structure, defects, thermodynamics of materials, mechanical kinetics and nucleation; grain growth and thin film morphology;

Module-2: Basics of Vacuum Science and Technology, Kinetic theory of gases; gas transport and pumping; vacuum pumps and systems; vacuum gauges; oil free pumping; aspects of chamber design from thin film growth perspectives;

Module-3: Various Thin film growth techniques with examples and limitations; Spin and dip coating; Langmuir Blodgett technique; Metal organic chemical vapor deposition; Electron Beam Deposition; Pulsed Laser deposition; DC, RF and Reactive Sputtering; Molecular beam epitaxy;

Module-4: Characterization of Thin films and surfaces; Thin Film processing from Devices and other applications perspective.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1a

Assessment Method

Quiz, Seminar, Mid-semsester examination, End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

1. Materials Science of Thin Films Deposition and Structure, Milton Ohring.

2. Thin Film Solar Cells, Chopra and Das.

3. Thin Film Deposition: Principles and Practice, Donald Smith.

4. Handbook of Thin Film Deposition (Materials and Processing Technology), Krishna Seshan

5. Handbook of Physical Vapor Deposition, D. M. Mattox

Course Number

PH4209

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Solar Energy and Photovoltaics

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

Complies with program goal 1,2 and 3

Course Description

In this course, student will learn about solar spectrum, solar energy conversion, storage of energy for future use including how solar cell working principle.

Course Content

Solar radiations as a source of energy and mechanism for its entrapment; Measurements and limits of solar energy entrapment; Flat plate collectors and solar concentrators; Solar energy for industrial process heat and design of solar green house; Solar refrigeration and conditioning; Solar thermo-mechanical power.

Introduction of energy storage/conversion devices, State-of-the art status of portable power sources, Solar/photovoltaic (PV) cells as a source of green energy; Fundamentals, Materials, Design and Implementation aspects of PV energy generation and consumption; Solar cell technologies (Si-wafer based, Thin film, GaAs based, dye-sensitized, PESC and organic solar cells), Efficiency of solar cells and PV array analysis, Photovoltaic system design (stand alone and grid connected) and applications; Balance of system (BOS) with emphasis on role of storage batteries; Cost analysis, Case study for performance evaluation and problem identification in wide-spread commercialization of the technology.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1, 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Seminar, Mid-semester examination, End-semester examination

Text Books:

1. Solar Energy: Fundamentals & Applications; H. P. Garg and J. Prakash; Tata McGraw Hill, 1997.

2. Fundamentals of Photovoltaic Modules and their Applications, G. N. Tiwari, S. Dubey & Julian C. R. Hunt, RSC Energy Series, 2009.

3. Solar Photovoltaics: Fundamentals, Technologies and Applications, 2nd Ed., C. S. Solanki, Prentice Hall of India, 2011 (ISBN: 978-81-203-4386-6)

4. Solar Cell Device Physics, Stephen Fonash, 2nd Ed., Academic Press, 2010 (ISBN: 978-0-12-374774-7).

Reference Books:

1. Energy Storage, R. A. Huggins, Springer, 2010.

2. Handbook of Advanced Electronic and Photonic Materials and Devices: Ferroelectrics & Dielectrics, Vol. 10, H. S. Nalwa (Ed.), Academic Press, 2001.

3. Electrochemical Nanotechnology, T. Osaka, M. Dutta, Y. S. Diamand (Eds.), Springer, 2010, (ISBN: 978-1-4419-1423-1).

4. Encyclopedia of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Vol. 10, H. S. Nalwa (Ed.), American Scientific Publishers, 2004.

Course Number

PH4210

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Modeling Complex Systems

Learning Mode

Lectures and Computational exercises

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

This interdisciplinary course explores the practical application of modeling and simulation principles to complex systems. A complex system, characterized by interconnected or interwoven parts, can include biological organisms, ecological systems, economies, fluids, or strongly-correlated solids. The course draws from mathematics, nonlinear science, numerical simulations, and statistical physics. It begins with an overview of complex systems and then delves into modeling techniques using nonlinear differential equations, networks, and stochastic models. Throughout the course, students will model, program, and analyze a diverse range of complex systems, including dynamical and chaotic systems, cellular automata, and iterated functions. Through these, there will be ample scope for hands-on experience and a deeper understanding of complex systems emerging from elementary rules.

Course Content

Fundamentals of Modeling, A brief recap of Dynamical Systems; Discrete-Time Models: Modeling and Analysis; Continuous-Time Models: Modeling and Analysis; implications of bifurcation, chaos and catastrophe; interactive simulations of complex systems, cellular automata, continuous field models; basics of networks, small world network; dynamical networks: Modeling, Network topologiesand dynamics; Agent-based models; Examples including epidemiology, forest-fire, bioinformatics, message-passing, predator-prey, belief propagation, Hutchinson’s time-delay model, internet.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Text Books:

1. Hiroki Sayama, Introduction to the Modeling and Analysis of Complex Systems, Open SUNY (2015).

2. Nino Boccara, Modeling Complex Systems, Springer-Verlag Reprint (2024).

Reference Books:

1. W. Krauth, Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations (Oxford Masters Series in Physics, 2006).

Course Number

PH4211

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

AC Network Analysis

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

The course is focused on the application oriented knowledge that is required to analyze alternating current circuits whose frequency of operation is not as high as radio frequencies. The knowledge would be used to test and analyze various AC circuits.

Course Description

This course deals with development of skills that is required to analyze various AC circuits. The skills are not introduced abruptly but in a systematic manner. First, the course starts with fundamental knowledge on Network Transformations. Post that a section on Resonance in AC circuits is discussed. Lastly, the course ends with Impedance transformations in AC networks and methods to deal with coupled circuits, especially Transformer.

Course Content

Module 1: Principle of duality, Reduction of complicated two port network to T and p equivalent circuits, Conversion between T and p sections, Bridged and Parallel T network, Reciprocity theorem, Compensation theorem, Maximum power transfer theorem, Transfer impedance, Matrix method for network calculations

Module 2: Definition of Q-factor, Series resonance and its bandwidth, Parallel resonance, Conditions for maximum impedance, Currents in anti-resonant circuit, Universal resonance curves, Bandwidth of anti-resonance circuit, Anti-resonance at all frequencies, Reactance curves

Module 3: Transformation of impedances, Reactance L section for impedance transformation, Image impedance and Everitt’s theorem, Reactance T network for impedance transformation, Coupled circuits, Equivalent T network for magnetically coupled circuit, Iron core transformer

Learning Outcome

AC circuit analysis is primarily composed of three modules, namely, Network Transformation which is covered in Module 1, Resonance which is covered in Module 2 and Impedance Transformation which is covered in Module 3. In Module 1, the student gets trained in the fundamentals. It is important that the student should pick-up well in the fundamentals. Therefore, special emphasis would be given in solving numerical problems. Module 2 and 3 widen the scope of AC circuit analysis technique. Application of the techniques learnt in these modules is of prime importance. Therefore, solving problems, based on the concept taught in the lecture, forms and essential part.

Assessment Method

Quiz, Assignments and Exams

Text Books:

Textbooks not provided in the input.

Reference Books:

Reference books not provided in the input.

Course Number

PH4212

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

X-ray and Applications

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

The objectives of the course are to learn the X-ray mechanism, functions and applications of X-rays. The physics formulation and technological applications will be learned by the student. This will create opportunity to have a carrier in X-ray technology in both imaging and diffraction. More over the student will learn X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption and photoemission with their current applications.

Course Description

The course discusses the physical mechanism of X-ray and Matter interaction, production of X-ray techniques, etc. The use of X-ray in biophysics, condensed matter physics, medical physics, cultural heritage and environmental science.

Course Content

Module 1:

Introduction to X-ray physics, physical properties of x-rays, Macroscopic description of X-ray and material interaction, Microscopic description of interaction, Semi-classical theory of the interaction between radiation and hydrogen – like atoms, Fermi’s golden rule for transitions to discrete and continuum states, Selection rules, Production of X-rays.

Module 2:

X-ray applications: X-ray optics, X-ray microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray interference, X-ray Scattering, medical imaging, X-ray fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy, coherent diffraction imaging, industrial applications.

Module 3:

Synchrotron radiation: Sources of Synchrotron radiation, RF cavity, Beamlines and basics of x-ray optics, General characteristics of Synchrotron Radiation, Diffraction limit and Coherence lengths, industrial applications.

Module 4:

Photoemission spectroscopy: The Photoelectric effect, Experimental Setup, Theoretical Description, Primary and secondary structures occurring in the photoemission spectra, Photoelectron Spectroscopy of solids, Quantitative Analysis, Hard x-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Industrial applications

Module 5:

X-ray absorption fine structure, Phenomenology of X-ray absorption spectroscopy, experimental layouts, Physical origin of the fine structure (self-interference phenomenon), Golden rule and further approximations, Approximate derivation of EXAFS (Muffin-tin approximation for two atomic system), Correction terms for the EXAFS function and final relation, EXAFS data analysis and resulting structural parameters, XANES phenomenological description, Chemical shift of the absorption edge, Linear dichroism in XANES and EXAFS, Industrial applications.

Text Books:

1. J. Als – Nielsen and D. McMorrow, Introduction to Modern X-ray Physics, Wiley, New York, 2001.

2. A. Balerna and S. Mobilio, Introduction to Synchrotron Radiation, in “Synchrotron Radiation: Basics, Methods and Applications”, a cura di S. Mobilio, F. Boscherini e C. Meneghini, Springer (2015).

3. S. Hüfner, Photoelectron Spectroscopy – Principles and Applications, 3rd ed. (Berlin, Springer, 2003)

Reference Books:

1. P. Fornasini, Introduction to X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in “Synchrotron Radiation: Basics, Methods and Applications”, a cura di S. Mobilio, F. Boscherini e C. Meneghini, Springer (2015).

2. B. Bunker, Introduction to XAFS: a practical guide to X-ray absorption spectroscopy, Cambridge University Press (2010).

3. B.E. Warren, X-ray diffraction, Dover, New York, 1990.

4. S.J.L. Billinge e E.S. Bozin, Pair distribution function technique: principles and methods, in Diffraction at the nanoscale, a cura di A. Guagliardi & N. Masciocchi, Insubria University Press.

5. A. Guinier, X-ray diffraction in crystals, imperfect crystals, and amorphous bodies, Dover, New York, 1994.

6. C. Mariani e G. Stefani, Photoemission Spectroscopy: fundamental aspectsin “Synchrotron Radiation: Basics, Methods and Applications”, a cura di S. Mobilio, F. Boscherini e C. Meneghini, Springer (2015)

7. D. Attwood, Soft X-rays and extreme ultraviolet radiation, Cambridge University Press (1999).

Course Number

PH4213

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Materials Engineering

Learning Mode

Lectures

Learning Objectives

The objective of the course is to develop basic knowledge about how Materials engineering lies at the core of technological advancement. Materials Engineering is an interdisciplinary field focused on understanding, designing, and improving materials to meet engineering challenges. This course provides a comprehensive foundation in the structure, properties, processing, and performance of materials, bridging scientific principles with practical applications.

Students will explore a variety of materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, and advanced materials like nanomaterials and biomaterials, with an emphasis on their role in modern technology and industry.

Course Description

In beginning, overview of different material types will be discussed, followed by detailed insight how these materials are being used at present. The advancement in terms of their processing for modern technology and applications will be discussed.

Course Content

Overview of material types: metals, ceramics & glasses, polymers, composites, Electronic Materials (Semiconductors, conductors, and insulators), Biomaterials (Materials used in medical implants and devices, Biocompatibility and degradation), Historical and modern advancements in materials engineering, Advanced materials (Nanomaterials, Materials for Energy Applications, Shape memory alloys).

Atomic structure and bonding, Crystallography and crystal structures, Defects in materials (vacancies, dislocations), Microstructure and its influence on properties, Phase diagrams and phase transformations.

Mechanical properties (strength, toughness, hardness, ductility, etc.). Thermal and electrical (conductivity, expansion)., magnetic, and optical properties, Corrosion and environmental degradation

Techniques for shaping and forming materials (casting, forging, 3D printing), Heat treatment and phase transformations. Coating and surface modification, Powder metallurgy and ceramics processing.

Criteria for selecting materials in engineering applications. Case studies in aerospace, automotive, electronics, and construction.

Nanomaterials and their applications. Biomaterials for medical devices and implants. Smart materials and responsive systems.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 2b, 3

Assessment Method

Quizzes, Mid-semester and End-semester examination

Suggested Readings:

1. Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction by William D. Callister Jr. and David G. Rethwisch, 10th Ed., Wiley, 2020.

2. Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering: An Integrated Approach by William D. Callister Jr. and David G. Rethwisch, 5th Ed., Wiley, 2007.

3. Engineering Materials 1 & 2 by Michael F. Ashby and David R. H. Jones, 4th Ed., Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., 2012

4. The Science and Engineering of Materials" by Donald R. Askeland and Wendelin J. Wright, 6th Ed., Cl-Engineering, 2010

Course Number

PH4214

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Superconducting Qubits: Fundamentals and Operation

Learning Mode

Lectures and Tutorials

Learning Objectives

Complies with Program Goals 1, 2 and 3

Course Description

Equips the students with the fabrication techniques and operation intricacies of Superconducting Qubits with an eye on prospective applications

Course Content

Introduction to Superconducting Qubits: Overview of quantum computing, various physical qubits and the need for reliable qubits; Types of superconducting qubits (flux qubits, charge qubits, phase qubits, transmon qubits); Circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) and its relevance.

Quantum LC Circuits and Correspondence Principle: Classical LC circuits and their resonance behavior; Superconducting qubits as classical circuit elements in a quantum regime; Circuit QED approach for quantizing classical Hamiltonians.

Josephson Junctions and Charge Qubits: Cooper pairs and Josephson Junctions; Cooper pair box: Building blocks for charge qubits; Hamiltonian description of charge qubits based on tunneling and capacitance

Transmon Qubits: Introduction to transmon qubits; Nonlinear inductance and capacitor design; Energy-level spectra and tunability

Operation and Control of Superconducting Qubits: Initialization, manipulation, and readout of qubit states; Quantum gates (single-qubit and two-qubit gates); Decoherence and error correction

Applications and Challenges: Quantum algorithms and applications using superconducting qubits; Challenges in scaling up qubit numbers; Recent advancements and future prospects

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1(a), 1(b), 2(a) and 3

Assessment Method

Assignments, Quizzes, Mid-semester examination and End-semester examination

Text Books:

1. Daniel D. Stancil and Gregory T. Byrd, Principles of Superconducting Quantum Computers, Wiley (2022).

2. Alan Salari, Microwave Techniques in Superconducting Quantum Computers, Artech Books, UK (2024).

Reference Books:

1. Morten Kjaergaard et al. “Superconducting Qubits: Current State of Play”. In: Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 11.1 (Mar. 2020), pp. 369– 395. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050605; URL: http://dx .doi.org/10.1146/ annurev-conmatphys-031119-050605.

2. Steven M. Girvin. Circuit QED: Superconducting Qubits Coupled to Microwave Photons, Les Houches Summer School on Quantum Machines, Oxford University Press (2014).

Course Number

PH4215

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Analytical Techniques

Syllabus not available for PH4215

Course Number

PH4216

Course Credit (L-T-P-C)

3-0-0-3

Course Title

Computational methods for classical and quantum physics

Learning Objectives

To make students capable of solving specific advanced physics problems using the techniques developed in EP3101 (Computational Techniques).

Course Description

The student will learn computationally solving problems related to Quantum and Classical physics. The course has class room discussion which will be completed in computational lab by developing a code based on it.

Course Content

Solving partial differential equations, Finite difference methods, Successive over-relaxation (SOR) method, Time dependent problems; The wave equation, Laplace equation, Traffic flow, Shock solution, Fluids, Solving the Schrodinger equation; One-Dimension, Higher dimensional Basic techniques, Quantum scattering, The variational principle, Time propagation, Central potentials, Multi-electron systems, The Hartree and Hartree-Fock approximations, Modelling Lithium atoms, Quantum dots.

Learning Outcome

Complies with PLO 1b, 3

Assessment Method

Mid-term written examination, Mid-term lab examination, End-term written examination, End-term lab examination, Assignment & Quiz